TNNI1, TNNI2 and TNNI3: Evolution, regulation, and protein structure-function relationships.

ABSTRACT: Troponin I (TnI) is the inhibitory subunit of the troponin complex in the sarcomeric thin filament of striated muscle and plays a central role in the calcium regulation of contraction and relaxation. Vertebrate TnI has evolved into three isoforms encoded by three homologous genes: TNNI1 for slow skeletal muscle TnI, TNNI2 for fast skeletal muscle TnI and TNNI3 for cardiac TnI, which are expressed under muscle type-specific and developmental regulations. To summarize the current knowledge on the TnI isoform genes and products, this review focuses on the evolution, gene regulation, posttranslational modifications, and structure-function relationship of TnI isoform proteins. Their physiological and medical significances are also discussed.

SUBMITTER: Sheng JJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5798203 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature