Review of four major distinct types of human phospholipase A₂.

ABSTRACT: The phospholipase A₂ superfamily of enzymes plays a significant role in the development and progression of numerous inflammatory diseases. Through their catalytic action on membrane phospholipids, phospholipases are the upstream regulators of the eicosanoid pathway releasing free fatty acids for cyclooxygenases, lipoxygenases, and cytochrome P450 enzymes which produce various well-known inflammatory mediators including leukotrienes, thromboxanes and prostaglandins. Elucidating the association of phospholipases A₂ with the membrane, the extraction and binding of phospholipid substrates, and their interactions with small-molecule inhibitors is crucial for the development of new anti-inflammatory therapeutics. Studying phospholipases has been challenging because they act

SUBMITTER: Vasquez AM 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5807221 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature