Cytokines Stimulate the Release of Microvesicles from Myeloid Cells Independently from the P2X7 Receptor/Acid Sphingomyelinase Pathway.

ABSTRACT: Microvesicles (MVs) are membrane particles of 200-500 nm released by all cell types constitutively. MVs of myeloid origin are found increased in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients suffering from neuroinflammatory disorders, although the factors triggering their production have never been defined. Here, we report that both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, specifically interferon-γ and interleukin-4, are equally able to stimulate the production of MVs from microglia cells and monocytes. Additionally, we found this process to be independent from the best characterized molecular pathway so far described for membrane shedding, which is centered on the purinergic receptor P2X7, whose activation by high concentrations of extracellular ATP (exATP) results in membrane blebbing operated

SUBMITTER: Colombo F 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5808348 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature