Urinary Cotinine Level in Indonesian Children Exposed to Domestic Cigarette Smoke.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Cotinine is a major metabolite of nicotine, and its urinary level is an indicator of exposure to cigarette smoke. The present study was aimed at identifying the urinary cotinine level in Indonesian children who were exposed and not exposed to domestic cigarette smoke.

Methods

The study was a cross-sectional study in elementary school-aged children who had not smoked. The subjects were categorized into an exposed group and unexposed group based on their exposure status. Data were obtained from a questionnaire and random urinary samples measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results

There were a total of 128 subjects, including 64 children in the exposed group and 64 children in the unexposed group. The median level of cotinine in all subjects was

SUBMITTER: Susanto AD 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5812080 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jan-Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature