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Investigation of the Stereoselective Synthesis of the Indane Dimer PH46A, a New Potential Anti-inflammatory Agent.

ABSTRACT: PH46A, belonging to a class of 1,2-Indane dimers, has been developed by our research group as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The initial synthetic route to PH46A gave a low overall yield, due in large part to the generation of undesired diastereoisomer 5 and the unwanted enantiomer (R,R)-8 during the synthesis. The aim of this work was to carry out a comprehensive investigation into the stereoselective synthesis of PH46A. Significant progress was made on the ketone reduction step, where the use of triisobutylaluminum [TiBA, Al(iBu)₃] afforded high selectivity for the target diastereoisomer (rac)-6, compared to the unfavorable ratio obtained using a previous process. This enabled a multikilo scale synthesis of PH46A in a GMP environment. Further, a brief proof-of-principle investigation was carried out using an achiral phase transfer catalyst (PTC) for alkylation at the methine carbon of the parent indanone.

SUBMITTER: Cumming GR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5814955 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Investigation of the Stereoselective Synthesis of the Indane Dimer PH46A, a New Potential Anti-inflammatory Agent.

Cumming Graham R GR Zhang Tao T Scalabrino Gaia G Frankish Neil N Sheridan Helen H

Organic process research & development 20171127 12

PH46A, belonging to a class of 1,2-Indane dimers, has been developed by our research group as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The initial synthetic route to PH46A gave a low overall yield, due in large part to the generation of undesired diastereoisomer 5 and the unwanted enantiomer (R,R)-8 during the synthesis. The aim of this work was to carry out a comprehensive investigation into the stereoselective synthesi ...[more]

PMID: 29472755

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Project description:BackgroundThe plant kingdom has long been considered a valuable source for therapeutic agents, however, some plant species still untapped and need to be phytochemically and biologically explored. Although several Atriplex species have been investigated in depth, A. leucoclada, a halophytic plant native to Saudi Arabian desert, remains to be explored for its phytochemical content and biological potentials. Herein, the current study investigated the metabolic content and the anti-inflammatory potential of A. leucoclada.MethodsPowdered aerial parts of the plant were defatted with n-hexane then the defatted powder was extracted with 80% methanol. n-Hexane extract (ATH) was analyzed using GC-MS, while the defatted extract (ATD) was subjected to different chromatographic methods to isolate the major phytoconstituents. The structures of the purified compounds were elucidated using different spectroscopic methods including advanced NMR techniques. Anti-inflammatory activity of both extracts against COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes were examined in vitro. Molecular docking of the identified compounds into the active sites of COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes was conducted using pdb entries 6Y3C and 5IKV, respectively.ResultsPhytochemical investigation of ATD extract led to purification and identification of nine compounds. Interestingly, all the compounds, except for 20-hydroxy ecdysone (1), are reported for the first time from A. leucoclada, also luteolin (6) and pallidol (8) are isolated for the first time from genus Atriplex. Inhibitory activity of ATD and ATH extracts against COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes revealed concentration dependent activity of both fractions with IC50 41.22, 14.40 μg/ml for ATD and 16.74 and 5.96 μg/ml for ATH against COX-1 and COX-2, respectively. Both extracts displayed selectivity indices of 2.86 and 2.80, respectively as compared to 2.56 for Ibuprofen indicating a promising selectivity towards COX-2. Molecular docking study supported in vitro testing results, where purified metabolites showed binding affinity scores ranged from -9 to -6.4 and -8.5 to -6.6 kcal/mol for COX-1 and 2, respectively, in addition the binding energies of GC-MS detected compounds ranged from -8.9 to -5.5 and -8.3 to -5.1 kcal/mol for COX-1 and 2, respectively as compared to Ibuprofen (-6.9 and -7.5 kcal/mol, respectively), indicating high binding affinities of most of the compounds. Analysis of the binding orientations revealed variable binding patterns depending on the nature of the compounds. Our study suggested A. leucoclada as a generous source for anti-inflammatory agents.

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Investigation of the Stereoselective Synthesis of the Indane Dimer PH46A, a New Potential Anti-inflammatory Agent.

Publications

Investigation of the Stereoselective Synthesis of the Indane Dimer PH46A, a New Potential Anti-inflammatory Agent.

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