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Effects of ninety minutes per week of continuous aerobic exercise on blood pressure in hypertensive obese humans.

ABSTRACT: The main objective of this study was to examine the effect of continuous aerobic training (CAT) in hypertensive, obese people. Seven patients of average age (45.3±3.9 years), height (1.63±0.1 m), body weight (89.09±22.0 kg), and body mass index (33.44±8.6 kg/m2) were subjected to the training. CAT was performed in thrice-weekly nonconsecutive sessions (90 min per week) with intervals of 48 hr between each session. The training sessions entailed 30 min of walking at an intensity of 70%-80% of the maximum heart rate (MHR) on a treadmill over a period of eight weeks, giving a total of 24 sessions. Through correlation analyses, we found significant improvement in the systolic pressure (R=0.5675, P=0.0253) and diastolic pressure (R=0.7083, P=0.0088) when the last session was compared to the first session of training. We found no differences in the diastolic pressure and systolic pressure before, during and after 15 min of the protocol exercise. The program showed a large effect size (ES) for systolic pressure (ES=0.85) and a small ES for diastolic pressure (ES=0.33). We found no differences in the blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) during and after the training of obese hypertensive humans, but we found a positively significant correlation between HR and BP in the last session and a large ES, suggesting that this protocol exercise might have significance effect in the long term.

SUBMITTER: Belozo FL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5833957 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effects of ninety minutes per week of continuous aerobic exercise on blood pressure in hypertensive obese humans.

Belozo Felipe Lovaglio FL Katashima Carlos K CK Cordeiro André V AV Lenhare Luciene L Alves Jean F JF Silva Vagner Ramon Rodrigues VRR

Journal of exercise rehabilitation 20180226 1

The main objective of this study was to examine the effect of continuous aerobic training (CAT) in hypertensive, obese people. Seven patients of average age (45.3±3.9 years), height (1.63±0.1 m), body weight (89.09±22.0 kg), and body mass index (33.44±8.6 kg/m2) were subjected to the training. CAT was performed in thrice-weekly nonconsecutive sessions (90 min per week) with intervals of 48 hr between each session. The training sessions entailed 30 min of walking at an intensity of 70%-80% of the ...[more]

PMID: 29511663

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Project description:BackgroundIn this randomized clinical trial, we aimed to determine whether increasing the frequency of in-center hemodialysis would result in beneficial changes in left ventricular mass, self-reported physical health, and other intermediate outcomes among patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.MethodsPatients were randomly assigned to undergo hemodialysis six times per week (frequent hemodialysis, 125 patients) or three times per week (conventional hemodialysis, 120 patients) for 12 months. The two coprimary composite outcomes were death or change (from baseline to 12 months) in left ventricular mass, as assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and death or change in the physical-health composite score of the RAND 36-item health survey. Secondary outcomes included cognitive performance; self-reported depression; laboratory markers of nutrition, mineral metabolism, and anemia; blood pressure; and rates of hospitalization and of interventions related to vascular access.ResultsPatients in the frequent-hemodialysis group averaged 5.2 sessions per week; the weekly standard Kt/V(urea) (the product of the urea clearance and the duration of the dialysis session normalized to the volume of distribution of urea) was significantly higher in the frequent-hemodialysis group than in the conventional-hemodialysis group (3.54±0.56 vs. 2.49±0.27). Frequent hemodialysis was associated with significant benefits with respect to both coprimary composite outcomes (hazard ratio for death or increase in left ventricular mass, 0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.46 to 0.82; hazard ratio for death or a decrease in the physical-health composite score, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.92). Patients randomly assigned to frequent hemodialysis were more likely to undergo interventions related to vascular access than were patients assigned to conventional hemodialysis (hazard ratio, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.08 to 2.73). Frequent hemodialysis was associated with improved control of hypertension and hyperphosphatemia. There were no significant effects of frequent hemodialysis on cognitive performance, self-reported depression, serum albumin concentration, or use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents.ConclusionsFrequent hemodialysis, as compared with conventional hemodialysis, was associated with favorable results with respect to the composite outcomes of death or change in left ventricular mass and death or change in a physical-health composite score but prompted more frequent interventions related to vascular access. (Funded by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00264758.).

Project description:BackgroundObesity causes frailty in older adults; however, weight loss might accelerate age-related loss of muscle and bone mass and resultant sarcopenia and osteopenia.MethodsIn this clinical trial involving 160 obese older adults, we evaluated the effectiveness of several exercise modes in reversing frailty and preventing reduction in muscle and bone mass induced by weight loss. Participants were randomly assigned to a weight-management program plus one of three exercise programs - aerobic training, resistance training, or combined aerobic and resistance training - or to a control group (no weight-management or exercise program). The primary outcome was the change in Physical Performance Test score from baseline to 6 months (scores range from 0 to 36 points; higher scores indicate better performance). Secondary outcomes included changes in other frailty measures, body composition, bone mineral density, and physical functions.ResultsA total of 141 participants completed the study. The Physical Performance Test score increased more in the combination group than in the aerobic and resistance groups (27.9 to 33.4 points [21% increase] vs. 29.3 to 33.2 points [14% increase] and 28.8 to 32.7 points [14% increase], respectively; P=0.01 and P=0.02 after Bonferroni correction); the scores increased more in all exercise groups than in the control group (P<0.001 for between-group comparisons). Peak oxygen consumption (milliliters per kilogram of body weight per minute) increased more in the combination and aerobic groups (17.2 to 20.3 [17% increase] and 17.6 to 20.9 [18% increase], respectively) than in the resistance group (17.0 to 18.3 [8% increase]) (P<0.001 for both comparisons). Strength increased more in the combination and resistance groups (272 to 320 kg [18% increase] and 288 to 337 kg [19% increase], respectively) than in the aerobic group (265 to 270 kg [4% increase]) (P<0.001 for both comparisons). Body weight decreased by 9% in all exercise groups but did not change significantly in the control group. Lean mass decreased less in the combination and resistance groups than in the aerobic group (56.5 to 54.8 kg [3% decrease] and 58.1 to 57.1 kg [2% decrease], respectively, vs. 55.0 to 52.3 kg [5% decrease]), as did bone mineral density at the total hip (grams per square centimeter; 1.010 to 0.996 [1% decrease] and 1.047 to 1.041 [0.5% decrease], respectively, vs. 1.018 to 0.991 [3% decrease]) (P<0.05 for all comparisons). Exercise-related adverse events included musculoskeletal injuries.ConclusionsOf the methods tested, weight loss plus combined aerobic and resistance exercise was the most effective in improving functional status of obese older adults. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health; LITOE ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01065636 .).

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Effects of ninety minutes per week of continuous aerobic exercise on blood pressure in hypertensive obese humans.

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Effects of ninety minutes per week of continuous aerobic exercise on blood pressure in hypertensive obese humans.

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