Does unmeasured confounding influence associations between the retail food environment and body mass index over time? The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Findings in the observational retail food environment and obesity literature are inconsistent, potentially due to a lack of adjustment for residual confounding.

Methods

Using data from the CARDIA study (n = 12 174 person-observations; 6 examinations; 1985-2011) across four US cities (Birmingham, AL; Chicago, IL; Minneapolis, MN; Oakland, CA), we used instrumental-variables (IV) regression to obtain causal estimates of the longitudinal associations between the percentage of neighbourhood food stores or restaurants (per total food outlets within 1 km network distance of respondent residence) with body mass index (BMI), adjusting for individual-level socio-demographics, health behaviours, city, year, total food outlets and market-level prices. To determine the presen

SUBMITTER: Rummo PE 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5837451 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature