Global nutrition 1990-2015: A shrinking hungry, and expanding fat world.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

Following its publication in 2008, the Global Nutritional Index (GNI) which captures the triple burden of malnutrition, has been updated to assess the overall nutritional status and nutritional trends of countries, regions and the world, including both under-nutrition and over-nutrition.

Methods

The GNI was modeled on the Human Development Index, using geometric means of three normalized indicators: protein-energy malnutrition (PEM, measured by Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) from PEM), micronutrient deficiency (MID, measured by DALYs from MID), and penalizing obesity (percent female obesity). GNI (range 0-1) was calculated from 1990-2015 for 186 countries, in seven World Bank income and WHO region groupings.

Results

World GNI increased from 0.433 to

SUBMITTER: Peng W 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5870987 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature