D-limonene exhibits antitumor activity by inducing autophagy and apoptosis in lung cancer.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

d-limonene is a plant extract with widespread application, and it has been recently reported to have antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects on cancer cells. However, the mechanisms by which d-limonene achieves these effects, especially in lung cancer, are not entirely clear. Therefore, the goal of this study was to examine the effects of d-limonene on lung cancer and explore its mechanisms of action.

Methods

We examined the therapeutic effects of d-limonene on lung cancer cells and in a xenograft animal model by characterizing its effects on the pathways of apoptosis and autophagy. Cell proliferation was measured using the Cell Counting Kit-8, and apoptosis was determined by flow cytometric analysis. Levels of LC3 puncta, an autophagy marker, were analyzed by las

SUBMITTER: Yu X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5894671 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature