Integrated preservation and sample clean up procedures for studying water ingestion by recreational swimmers via urinary biomarker determination.

ABSTRACT: The use of cyanuric acid as a biomarker for ingestion of swimming pool water may lead to quantitative knowledge of the volume of water ingested during swimming, contributing to a better understanding of disease resulting from ingestion of environmental contaminants. When swimming pool water containing chlorinated cyanurates is inadvertently ingested, cyanuric acid is excreted quantitatively within 24 h as a urinary biomarker of ingestion. Because the volume of water ingested can be quantitatively estimated by calculation from the concentration of cyanuric acid in 24 h urine samples, a procedure for preservation, cleanup, and analysis of cyanuric acid was developed to meet the logistical demands of large scale studies. From a practical stand point, urine collected from swimmers cannot be an

SUBMITTER: Cantu R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5937129 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature