Nicotine Downregulates the Compensatory Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/Angiotensin Type 2 Receptor of the Renin–Angiotensin System

ABSTRACT: Rationale: Smoking is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases. The importance of the renin–angiotensin system in the development of cardiovascular and pulmonary disease is well established. Angiotensin-II, by means of its type 1 receptor (angiotensin type 1 receptor, AT1R), promotes increased sympathetic activity, salt and water reabsorption, vasoconstriction, inflammation, and aldosterone and vasopressin release, contributing to tissue fibrosis, endothelium dysfunction, and hypertension. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 cleaves angiotensin-II into the vasodilator peptide, angiotensin-(1–7), hence playing a pivotal role in the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2/angiotensin-(1–7) compensatory axis of the renin–angiotensin system. Angiotensin type 2 recep

SUBMITTER: Yue X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5955030 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature