Toll-Like Receptors Drive Specific Patterns of Tolerance and Training on Restimulation of Macrophages.

ABSTRACT: Tolerance is a long-recognized property of macrophages that leads to an altered response to repeated or chronic exposure to endotoxin. The physiological role of tolerance is to limit the potential damage to host tissue that may otherwise result from prolonged production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Tolerance is induced by all toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands tested to date, however, tolerance induced by the TLR4 ligand lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is by far the best studied. LPS tolerance involves a global transcriptional shift from a pro-inflammatory response toward one characterized by the expression of anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution factors. Although largely reversible, LPS-tolerance leads to a hybrid macrophage activation state that is pro-inflammatory in nature, but possesses dist

SUBMITTER: Butcher SK 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5960718 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature