Dataset Information

The role of ketogenic diets in the therapeutic management of adult and paediatric gliomas: a systematic review.

ABSTRACT:

Aim

We performed a systematic review of the evidence for effectiveness and acceptability of different ketogenic diets (KDs) in the therapeutic management of gliomas.

Methods

The search strategy included searches of seven electronic databases. Data extraction and quality assessment were undertaken independently by two authors.

Results

No randomized clinical trials were identified. Six studies (n = 39) met the eligibility criteria for this review - all were case series or reports and therefore at high risk of bias. All studies reported overall or progression-free survival; however the effectiveness of KD interventions could not be established. Dietary acceptability was not reported.

Conclusion

The effectiveness and acceptability of KDs in the management of gliomas is unknown and high quality randomized controlled trials are needed.

SUBMITTER: Martin-McGill KJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5977276 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

The role of ketogenic diets in the therapeutic management of adult and paediatric gliomas: a systematic review.

Martin-McGill Kirsty J KJ Srikandarajah Nisaharan N Marson Anthony G AG Tudur Smith Catrin C Jenkinson Michael D MD

CNS oncology 20180416 2

<h4>Aim</h4>We performed a systematic review of the evidence for effectiveness and acceptability of different ketogenic diets (KDs) in the therapeutic management of gliomas.<h4>Methods</h4>The search strategy included searches of seven electronic databases. Data extraction and quality assessment were undertaken independently by two authors.<h4>Results</h4>No randomized clinical trials were identified. Six studies (n = 39) met the eligibility criteria for this review - all were case series or rep ...[more]

PMID: 29658772

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Project description:Use of high-fat, ketogenic diets (KDs) to support physical performance has grown in popularity over recent years. While these diets enhance fat and reduce carbohydrate oxidation during exercise, the impact of a KD on physical performance remains controversial. The objective of this work was to assess the effect of KDs on physical performance compared with mixed macronutrient diets [control (CON)]. A systematic review of the literature was conducted using PubMed and Cochrane Library databases. Randomized and nonrandomized studies were included if participants were healthy (free of chronic disease), nonobese [BMI (kg/m2) <30], trained or untrained men or women consuming KD (<50 g carbohydrate/d or serum or whole-blood β-hydroxybutyrate >0.5 mmol/L) compared with CON (fat, 12-38% of total energy intake) diets for ≥14 d, followed by a physical performance test. Seventeen studies (10 parallel, 7 crossover) with 29 performance (13 endurance, 16 power or strength) outcomes were identified. Of the 13 endurance-type performance outcomes, 3 (1 time trial, 2 time-to-exhaustion) reported lower and 10 (4 time trials, 6 time-to-exhaustion) reported no difference in performance between the KD compared with CON. Of the 16 power or strength performance outcomes, 3 (1 power, 2 strength) reported lower, 11 (4 power, 7 strength) no difference, and 2 (power) enhanced performance in the KD compared with the CON. Risk of bias identified some concern of bias primarily due to studies allowing participants to self-select diet intervention groups and the inability to blind participants to the study intervention. Overall, the majority of null results across studies suggest that a KD does not have a positive or negative impact on physical performance compared with a CON diet. However, discordant results between studies may be due to multiple factors, such as the duration consuming study diets, training status, performance test, and sex differences, which will be discussed in this systematic review.

Project description:IntroductionThe ketogenic diet is a very low carbohydrate diet known for its ability to reduce weight and counteract hyperglycaemia. However, ketogenic diets recommend an increased intake of fats, raising concerns about cardiometabolic risk in adults. Due to the higher intake of fats in the ketogenic diet, there is significant variability in outcomes of lipid metabolism in the population. Interventions have reported improvements in lipid profile while other studies did not find changes, and there are reports of increased low density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglyceride values. Hence, this is a protocol for a systematic review of the published literature and a summary of the effect of ketogenic diets on lipid metabolism in adults.Methods and analysisFive databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Web of Science) will be searched for studies on ketogenic diets in adult populations. Studies will be included if they report results from ketogenic diet interventions among adults. Exclusion is populations with diagnosed neurological disorders. Two reviewers will independently screen retrieved citations, extract data and appraise the risk of bias. Quantitative estimates (eg, standardised mean difference) measuring the change in the total cholesterol, LDL and triglyceride concentration will be pooled using random effects meta-analysis to produce one summarised weighted estimate. Sources of heterogeneity will be explored using subgroup analysis. This protocol follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis for Protocols (PRISMA), and the final review will be reported following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines.Ethics and disseminationThe present protocol and the systematic review to be carried out do not require ethics clearance. The data source will be published studies. This review will provide estimates to inform the public about the effect of ketogenic diets on lipid metabolism and the possible peril of increasing cardiometabolic risk. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.Prospero registration numberCRD42022309665.

Dataset Information

The role of ketogenic diets in the therapeutic management of adult and paediatric gliomas: a systematic review.

Aim

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

The role of ketogenic diets in the therapeutic management of adult and paediatric gliomas: a systematic review.

Similar Datasets

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