Biological Aspect of Pathophysiology for Frozen Shoulder.

ABSTRACT: It is fairly well understood that frozen shoulder involves several stages, which reflect the series of process from capsular inflammation and fibrosis to spontaneous resolution of this fibrosis. However, the underlying pathophysiologic process remains poorly determined. For this reason, management of frozen shoulder remains controversial. Determining the pathophysiological processes of frozen shoulder is a pivotal milestone in the development of novel treatment for patients with frozen shoulder. This article reviews what is known to date about the biological pathophysiology of frozen shoulder. Although articles for the pathophysiology of frozen shoulder provide inconsistent and inconclusive results, they have suggested both inflammation and fibrosis mediated by cytokines, growth factors, m

SUBMITTER: Cho CH 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5994312 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature