Project description:IntroductionAcquired renal arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) include those that occur as a complication of renal biopsy.Case reportThe authors report the case of a woman with recent-onset grade I hypertension, who was referred to our staff for sonographic studies of the kidneys and urinary tract. Laboratory data revealed microhematuria and proteinuria <0.5 g/24 h, and renal function was borderline (MDRD GFR 58 mL/min). Renal sonography of the left kidney revealed an anechoic, arboriform area at the level of the pelvis, which was suggestive of hydronephrosis. The color Doppler examination showed turbulent flow within the anechoic area, with high-velocity arterial flow and arterialization of the venous waveform at spectral analysis. Selective renal angiography later confirmed the presence of a middle renal AVF with pseudoaneurysm, which had been provoked by a renal biopsy performed over 10 years earlier in another center. Since the patient was currently in good health, the prescribed management consisted solely of close clinical and US follow-up.DiscussionAV fistulas are among the most commonly diagnosed renovascular malformations. The case reported here underlines the importance of using color Doppler ultrasound when obstructive uropathy is suspected, especially in patients who have undergone renal biopsy.

| S-EPMC3558108 | biostudies-literature

"Treatable" diffuse pulmonary arteriovenous fistula - An unusual cause.

Project description:A 4 year old boy was referred for evaluation of failure to thrive and mild cyanosis. He was found to have a structurally normal heart with evidence of microscopic pulmonary arterio-venous (AV) fistulae. Later, he was diagnosed to have congenital porto-systemic shunt, a very rare cause of pulmonary AV fistula.

| S-EPMC3180992 | biostudies-literature

Successful Intravascular Treatment of an Intraosseous Arteriovenous Fistula in Fibrous Dysplasia.

Project description:Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a benign bone disease characterized by expansile lesions that typically stabilize with age. Rarely, FD can undergo malignant transformation, presenting with atypical, rapid growth and destruction of adjacent bone. Other potential causes of rapid FD expansion include secondary lesions, such as aneurysmal bone cysts. We describe a case of an aggressive occipital lesion that presented with pain associated with diplopia and tinnitus, raising concern for malignant transformation. A massive intraosseous arteriovenous fistula was identified giving rise to an anomalous vein coursing to the cavernous sinus with compression of the abducens nerve. The vascular anomaly was mapped and after embolization symptoms resolved; a biopsy with extensive genetic analyses excluded malignancy. The differential diagnosis for expanding FD lesions includes aggressive FD, malignant transformation, and secondary vascular anomalies. In cases when traditional radiographic and histologic assessments are nondescript, use of additional radiographic modalities and genetic analyses are required to make an accurate diagnosis and guide treatment. When vascular anomalies are suspected, detailed angiography with embolization is necessary to define and treat the lesion. However, to rule out malignant transformation, genetic screening is recommended.

| S-EPMC7449234 | biostudies-literature

Successful endovascular treatment of ruptured bilateral ophthalmic frontal dural arteriovenous fistula.

Project description:Bilateral ophthalmic-ethmoidal dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) are extremely rare and may present as complex lesions. These DAVFs are associated with high risk of intracranial hemorrhage but can be presented with ocular symptoms, cranial nerve palsy or epistaxis. Endovascular approaches have been used to manage an increasing proportion of complex intracranial DAVFs safely and with good clinical results. We present a patient with subdural hematoma and severe epistaxis due to ruptured bilateral ophthalmic-ethmoidal DAVF that was successfully treated by transarterial embolization with precipitating hydrophobic injectable liquid.

| S-EPMC6137394 | biostudies-literature

Successful management of arteriovenous fistula after coronary catheterization via the snuffbox approach.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC8016033 | biostudies-literature

Successful lobectomy for central large pulmonary arteriovenous malformation.

Project description:A pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM) is caused by abnormal communications between the pulmonary arteries and veins. In this study, a 64-year old woman presented with a large PAVM in the central upper lobe of the right lung. As feeding vessels were large and short, the patient was scheduled for resection therapy. By clamping the right main pulmonary artery, the blood flow into the PAVM was controlled and lobectomy was performed safely. Although advances in interventional radiology have led to the introduction of obliterative techniques, surgical resection is still an effective first option for patients with a large, centrally located PAVM.

| S-EPMC3329317 | biostudies-literature

Congenital renal arteriovenous fistula presenting with gross hematuria and its management.

Project description:Renal arteriovenous fistula (AVF), an abnormal connection between artery and vein, results from development failure or following vascular injury. AVFs may cause various complications, i.e., secondary hypertension and hematuria. To manage AVF, it is recommended to bypass it from blood circulation surgically or by percutaneous embolization. The present study describes a woman with AVF, who primarily was managed percutaneously and then surgically.

| S-EPMC8406159 | biostudies-literature

Renal arteriovenous fistula associated high-output heart failure treated with embolization.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC9883246 | biostudies-literature

Detection of pulmonary arteriovenous fistula with three-dimensional computed tomographic angiography.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC5181383 | biostudies-literature