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Wheat Straw-Derived N-, O-, and S-Tri-doped Porous Carbon with Ultrahigh Specific Surface Area for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

ABSTRACT: Recently, lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have been greeted by a huge ovation owing to their very high theoretical specific capacity (1675 mAh·g−1) and theoretical energy density (2600 Wh·kg−1). However, the full commercialization of Li-S batteries is still hindered by dramatic capacity fading resulting from the notorious “shuttle effect” of polysulfides. Herein, we first describe the development of a facile, inexpensive, and high-producing strategy for the fabrication of N-, O-, and S-tri-doped porous carbon (NOSPC) via pyrolysis of natural wheat straw, followed by KOH activation. The as-obtained NOSPC shows characteristic features of a highly porous carbon frame, ultrahigh specific surface area (3101.8 m²·g−1), large pore volume (1.92 cm³·g−1), good electrical conductivity, and in situ nitrogen (1.36 at %), oxygen (7.43 at %), and sulfur (0.7 at %) tri-doping. The NOSPC is afterwards selected to fabricate the NOSPC-sulfur (NOSPC/S) composite for the Li-S batteries cathode material. The as-prepared NOSPC/S cathode delivers a large initial discharge capacity (1049.2 mAh·g−1 at 0.2 C), good cycling stability (retains a reversible capacity of 454.7 mAh·g−1 over 500 cycles at 1 C with a low capacity decay of 0.088% per cycle), and superior rate performance (619.2 mAh·g−1 at 2 C). The excellent electrochemical performance is mainly attributed to the synergistic effects of structural restriction and multidimensional chemical adsorptions for cooperatively repressing the polysulfides shuttle.

SUBMITTER: Chen F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6025088 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Wheat Straw-Derived N-, O-, and S-Tri-doped Porous Carbon with Ultrahigh Specific Surface Area for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Chen Feng F Ma Lulu L Ren Jiangang J Zhang Mou M Luo Xinyu X Li Bing B Song Zhiming Z Zhou Xiangyang X

Materials (Basel, Switzerland) 20180611 6

Recently, lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have been greeted by a huge ovation owing to their very high theoretical specific capacity (1675 mAh·g<sup>−1</sup>) and theoretical energy density (2600 Wh·kg<sup>−1</sup>). However, the full commercialization of Li-S batteries is still hindered by dramatic capacity fading resulting from the notorious “shuttle effect” of polysulfides. Herein, we first describe the development of a facile, inexpensive, and high-produ ...[more]

PMID: 29891822

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Project description:In this paper, we prepared a new type of iron and nitrogen co-doped porous carbon material (WSC-Fe/N) using a carbonization-activation process with wheat straw as a precursor and FeCl3 and NH4Cl as co-doping agents and analyzed the electrochemical properties of the resulting electrode material. Through precise control of the doping elements and carbonization temperature (900 °C), the resulting WSC-Fe/N-900 material exhibits abundant micropores, uniform mesopores, a significant specific surface area (2576.6 m2 g-1), an optimal level of iron doping (1.7 wt.%), and excellent graphitization. These characteristics were confirmed through X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. Additionally, the WSC-Fe/N-900 electrode demonstrated a specific capacitance of 400.5 F g-1 at a current density of 0.5 A g-1, maintaining a high capacitance of 308 F g-1 even at 10 A g-1. The solid-state symmetric supercapacitor in an aqueous electrolyte achieved an energy density of 9.2 Wh kg-1 at a power density of 250 W kg-1 and maintained an energy density of 6.5 Wh kg-1 at a power density of 5000 W kg-1, demonstrating remarkable synergistic energy-power output characteristics. In terms of structural properties, the porous characteristics of WSC-Fe/N-900 not only enhance the specific surface area of the electrode but also improve the diffusion capability of electrolyte ions within the electrode, thereby enhancing capacitance performance. The reliability of the electrode material demonstrated good performance in long-term cycling tests, maintaining a capacitance retention rate of 93% after 10,000 charge-discharge cycles, indicating excellent electrochemical stability. Furthermore, over time, the aging effect of the WSC-Fe/N-900 electrode material is minimal, maintaining high electrochemical performance even after prolonged use, suggesting that this material is suitable for long-term energy storage applications. This study introduces a novel strategy for producing porous carbon materials for supercapacitors, advancing the development of economically efficient and environmentally friendly energy storage solutions.

Dataset Information

Wheat Straw-Derived N-, O-, and S-Tri-doped Porous Carbon with Ultrahigh Specific Surface Area for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Publications

Wheat Straw-Derived N-, O-, and S-Tri-doped Porous Carbon with Ultrahigh Specific Surface Area for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

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