Macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles mediate smooth muscle hyperplasia: role of altered miRNA cargo in response to HIV infection and substance abuse.

ABSTRACT: Our previous studies consistently demonstrate enhanced pulmonary vascular remodeling in HIV-infected intravenous drug users, and in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected macaques or HIV-transgenic rats exposed to opioids or cocaine. Although we reported an associated increase in perivascular inflammation, the exact role of inflammatory cells in the development of pulmonary vascular remodeling remains unknown. In this study, HIV-infected and cocaine (H+C)-treated human monocyte derived macrophages released a higher number of extracellular vesicles (EVs), compared to HIV-infected or uninfected cocaine-treated macrophages, with a significant increase in the particle size range to 100-150 nm. Treatment of primary human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs) with these EVs resulted i

SUBMITTER: Sharma H 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6103174 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature