Dataset Information

Population Serologic Immunity to Human and Avian H2N2 Viruses in the United States and Hong Kong for Pandemic Risk Assessment.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Influenza A pandemics cause significant mortality and morbidity. H2N2 viruses have caused a prior pandemic, and are circulating in avian reservoirs. The age-related frequency of current population immunity to H2 viruses was evaluated.

Methods

Hemagglutinin inhibition (HAI) assays against historical human and recent avian influenza A(H2N2) viruses were performed across age groups in Rochester, New York, and Hong Kong, China. The impact of existing cross-reactive HAI immunity on the effective reproduction number was modeled.

Results

One hundred fifty individual sera from Rochester and 295 from Hong Kong were included. Eighty-five percent of patients born in Rochester and Hong Kong before 1968 had HAI titers ≥1:40 against A/Singapore/1/57, and >50% had titers ≥1:40 against A/Berkeley/1/68. The frequency of titers ≥1:40 to avian H2N2 A/mallard/England/727/06 and A/mallard/Netherlands/14/07 in subjects born before 1957 was 62% and 24%, respectively. There were no H2 HAI titers >1:40 in individuals born after 1968. These levels of seroprevalence reduce the initial reproduction number of A/Singapore/1/1957 or A/Berkeley/1/68 by 15%-20%. A basic reproduction number (R0) of the emerging transmissible virus <1.2 predicts a preventable pandemic.

Conclusions

Population immunity to H2 viruses is insufficient to block epidemic spread of H2 virus. An H2N2 pandemic would have lower impact in those born before 1968.

SUBMITTER: Babu TM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6107991 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Population Serologic Immunity to Human and Avian H2N2 Viruses in the United States and Hong Kong for Pandemic Risk Assessment.

Babu Tara M TM Perera Ranawaka A P M RAPM Wu Joseph T JT Fitzgerald Theresa T Nolan Carolyn C Cowling Benjamin J BJ Krauss Scott S Treanor John J JJ Peiris Malik M

The Journal of infectious diseases 20180801 7

<h4>Background</h4>Influenza A pandemics cause significant mortality and morbidity. H2N2 viruses have caused a prior pandemic, and are circulating in avian reservoirs. The age-related frequency of current population immunity to H2 viruses was evaluated.<h4>Methods</h4>Hemagglutinin inhibition (HAI) assays against historical human and recent avian influenza A(H2N2) viruses were performed across age groups in Rochester, New York, and Hong Kong, China. The impact of existing cross-reactive HAI immu ...[more]

PMID: 29762672

Similar Datasets

Project description:Background & aimsAlcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) burden has been rising globally, fueled by increases in high-risk alcohol use following the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We evaluated trends in annual incidence of alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) before and following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic across two geographically distinct populations in the USA and Hong Kong.MethodsUsing US national Veterans Affairs (VA) data and Hong Kong territory-wide data, trends in annual incidence of AH were evaluated from 2000 to 2023. AH was identified using a combination of International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9/10 diagnostic codes, laboratory data, and available alcohol use data.ResultsAmong the VA data, annual incidence of AH rose steadily from 39.4 to 53.7 per 100,000 persons (2010-2020), then declined to 36.2 per 100,000 persons in 2023. Annual AH incidence was substantially lower in Hong Kong, but demonstrated similar trends, peaking at 0.28 per 100,000 persons during the first year of the pandemic. Among both cohorts, incidence of AH was significantly higher in men vs. women, but particularly for the VA cohort, the increase in AH incidence was more rapid in women. Among both cohorts, the highest incidence of AH in 2023 was among the 40-49-year age group (VA: 72.7 per 100,000 persons; Hong Kong: 1.89 per 100,000 persons).ConclusionsWe provide a comprehensive analysis of epidemiological trends in AH incidence across two distinct populations, highlighting the need for continued awareness of targeted interventions to curb unhealthy alcohol use and its complications.Impact and implicationsAlcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) is a severe complication of high-risk alcohol use associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Increasing alcohol use fueled by the COVID-19 pandemic has led to parallel increases in alcohol-related comorbidities. The current study provides a comprehensive analysis of trends in the incidence of AH across two distinct world regions before and following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Better identification of epidemiological trends in AH incidence as well as highlighting populations most affected can help target public health resources and health system interventions to address the dangers of high-risk alcohol use more effectively.

Dataset Information

Population Serologic Immunity to Human and Avian H2N2 Viruses in the United States and Hong Kong for Pandemic Risk Assessment.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Population Serologic Immunity to Human and Avian H2N2 Viruses in the United States and Hong Kong for Pandemic Risk Assessment.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets