Toxicological perspective on the osmoregulation and ionoregulation physiology of major ions by freshwater animals: Teleost fish, crustacea, aquatic insects, and Mollusca.

ABSTRACT: Anthropogenic sources increase freshwater salinity and produce differences in constituent ions compared with natural waters. Moreover, ions differ in physiological roles and concentrations in intracellular and extracellular fluids. Four freshwater taxa groups are compared, to investigate similarities and differences in ion transport processes and what ion transport mechanisms suggest about the toxicity of these or other ions in freshwater. Although differences exist, many ion transporters are functionally similar and may belong to evolutionarily conserved protein families. For example, the Na⁺ /H⁺ -exchanger in teleost fish differs from the H⁺ /2Na⁺ (or Ca²⁺ )-exchanger in crustaceans. In osmoregulation, Na⁺ and Cl^-

SUBMITTER: Griffith MB 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6114146 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature