Association of Tourette Syndrome and Chronic Tic Disorders With Objective Indicators of Educational Attainment: A Population-Based Sibling Comparison Study.

ABSTRACT:

Importance

The influence of Tourette syndrome and chronic tic disorders on academic performance has not been objectively quantified.

Objective

To investigate the association of Tourette syndrome and chronic tic disorders with objectively measured educational outcomes, adjusting for measured covariates and unmeasured factors shared between siblings and taking common psychiatric comorbidities into account.

Design, setting, and participants

A population-based birth cohort consisting of all individuals born in Sweden from 1976 to 1998 was followed up until December 2013. Individuals with organic brain disorders, mental retardation, and 2 foreign-born parents were excluded. We further identified families with at least 2 singleton full siblings and families with siblings di

SUBMITTER: Perez-Vigil A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6143116 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature