Evolutionary and developmental dynamics of sex-biased gene expression in common frogs with proto-Y chromosomes.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The patterns of gene expression on highly differentiated sex chromosomes differ drastically from those on autosomes, due to sex-specific patterns of selection and inheritance. As a result, X chromosomes are often enriched in female-biased genes (feminization) and Z chromosomes in male-biased genes (masculinization). However, it is not known how quickly sexualization of gene expression and transcriptional degeneration evolve after sex-chromosome formation. Furthermore, little is known about how sex-biased gene expression varies throughout development.

Results

We sample a population of common frogs (Rana temporaria) with limited sex-chromosome differentiation (proto-sex chromosome), leaky genetic sex determination evidenced by the occurrence of XX males, and delayed

SUBMITTER: Ma WJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6173898 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature