Worsening of the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio in patients with prostate cancer after androgen deprivation therapy.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Oka R
PROVIDER: S-EPMC6219300 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Nov-Dec
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Worsening of the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio in patients with prostate cancer after androgen deprivation therapy.
Oka Ryo R Utsumi Takanobu T Endo Takumi T Yano Masashi M Kamijima Shuichi S Kamiya Naoto N Suzuki Hiroyoshi H
Asian journal of andrology 20181101 6
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Project description:Objective The triglyceride (TG)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio is related to insulin resistance (IR). However, information about whether or not the TG/HDL-C ratio is associated with low-density lipoprotein (LDL) subclasses in the Japanese population is limited. Methods In total, 1,068 Japanese subjects who underwent an annual health examination and who were not taking medications were recruited. The association between the TG/HDL-C ratio and LDL subclasses was investigated using correlation, multiple regression, and receiver operating characteristic analyses. Results A correlation analysis revealed that both malondialdehyde-modified low-density lipoprotein (MDA-LDL) and small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C) were positively associated with the TG/HDL-C ratio. Furthermore, a multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the TG/HDL-C ratio was positively associated with MDA-LDL and sdLDL-C in both men and women. The multiple logistic regression analysis also revealed that the TG/HDL-C ratio was positively associated with the upper tertile of MDA-LDL and sdLDL-C in men and women. The LDL-C levels increased with the increasing TG/HDL-C ratio. The MDA-LDL and sdLDL-C are known to be positively associated with LDL-C. However, within the same LDL-C range, both MDA-LDL and sdLDL-C levels increased with the TG/HDL-C ratio, except for MDA-LDL levels in the LDL-C <112 mg/dL group in women. These results further supported the notion that the TG/HDL-C ratio was positively associated with the MDA-LDL and sdLDL-C levels, especially in the higher LDL-C range, in both men and women. The optimal cut-off points of the TG/HDL-C ratio for the upper tertile of MDA-LDL and sdLDL-C were 1.85 and 2.03 in men and 0.88 and 1.30 in women, respectively. Conclusion The TG/HDL-C ratio is positively associated with MDA-LDL and sdLDL-C in Japanese subjects. The relationship was particularly notable in subjects with high LDL-C levels.
| S-EPMC7691041 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Aims/introductionDyslipidemia plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Evidence has increasingly shown that the ratio of low- to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C/HDL-C) is a novel marker for increased risk of insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases. However, the correlation between the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and diabetes risk is rarely reported. This is the first study to investigate the association between the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and new-onset diabetes in a large community-based cohort.Materials and methodsIn this retrospective cohort study, a total of 116,661 adults without baseline diabetes were enrolled. Participants were stratified into four groups based on LDL-C/HDL-C ratio quartiles. The outcome of interest was new-onset diabetes.ResultsDuring a median follow-up period of 2.98 years, 2,681 (2.3%) new diabetes cases were recorded. The total cumulative incidence of diabetes progressively increased alongside LDL-C/HDL-C ratio quartiles (0.31, 0.43, 0.68 and 0.88%, respectively, P-value for trend <0.001). After adjusting for potential confounders, using the lowest quartile of the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio as the reference, the risk of diabetes increased with LDL-C/HDL-C ratio quartiles (P-value for trend <0.001); in particular, from the second to fourth quartile, hazard ratios were 1.18 (95% confidence interval 0.87-1.59), 1.42 (95% confidence interval 1.07-1.90) and 1.92 (95% confidence interval 1.43-2.59), respectively. The results were also robust to challenges in multiple sensitivity analyses.ConclusionsAmong the Chinese population, elevated LDL-C/HDL-C ratio might be an independent risk factor for new-onset diabetes.
| S-EPMC7779276 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundProstate cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies in the world, with significant morbidity and death rates. Identifying novel biomarkers is critical to reducing morbidity and mortality from the illness today. Although lipids have been linked to an increased risk of prostate cancer, it is unclear if the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (NHDL-C) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (NHHR) is related to prostate cancer. Therefore, we assessed the relationship between NHHR and prostate cancer risk.MethodsThis study comprised 1,718 individuals who attended the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University between March 2020 and March 2024. A pathological examination of a prostate puncture biopsy was utilized to confirm the diagnosis of prostate cancer. The study collected information on participants' clinical and laboratory examinations, used propensity score matching to eliminate potential confounders, and analyzed the relationship between NHHR and prostate cancer, using logistic regression models combined with restricted cubic spline (RCS) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Furthermore, sensitivity analyses were undertaken to assess the robustness of the results.Results(1) There were statistically significant differences in neutrophils, erythrocytes, triglycerides, alkaline phosphatase, and NHHR between the two groups; (2) after adjusting for all covariates, logistic regression revealed a negative association between NHHR and prostate cancer (0.91 (0.83∼0.99), P = 0.028). Participants in the second quartile had a significantly lower risk of prostate cancer after comprehensive adjustment (0.69 (0.50∼0.96), P = 0.026); (3) the restrictive cubic spline curve shows a non-linear relationship between NHHR and prostate cancer risk, with a turning point of 1.824; (4) the results of the ROC curve showed that the NHHR had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.73; the results of the decision curve suggested that the model was able to provide a high benefit value for patients, with a threshold range of approximately 0.01-0.98 and a maximum net benefit of 0.52, and the calibration curve demonstrated that the model was accurate and reliable.ConclusionsThere is a non-linear dose-response relationship between NHHR and prostate cancer risk, which may be associated with a reduced risk of prostate cancer. The finding can be used to detect high-risk groups and prevent prostate cancer.
| S-EPMC11913014 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:The low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C/HDL-C) ratio constitutes a strong risk predictor of cardiovascular events. However, the association between this ratio and cardiovascular death in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients is uncertain. The study aimed to investigate whether a high LDL-C/HDL-C ratio could predict both cardiovascular and all-cause mortalities in patients on PD. METHODS:A total of 1616 incident patients on PD included from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2013 were followed up with until 31 December 2018 in this single-center prospective cohort study. Participants were divided into three categories according to LDL-C/HDL-C ratio tertile. The primary endpoint was cardiovascular mortality; the secondary endpoint was all-cause mortality. RESULTS:The mean age of the study cohort was 47.5 years and the mean body mass index (BMI) was 21.6 kg/m2. During a median follow-up period of 47.6 months, 492 patients died, including 246 (50.0%) due to cardiovascular disease (CVD). A multivariate analysis revealed that the highest LDL-C/HDL-C ratio tertile was significantly associated with increased CVD mortality [hazard ratio (HR): 1.69, 95% CI: 1.24-2.29; P = 0.001] and all-cause mortality (HR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.18-1.81; P = 0.001) relative to the lowest tertile. After adjusting for covariates, the HRs of cardiovascular and all-cause mortalities were 1.84 (95% CI: 1.25-2.71; P = 0.002) and 1.35 (95% CI: 1.03-1.77; P = 0.032). Subgroup analysis showed that the risk of CVD death rose with a higher LDL-C/HDL-C ratio among PD patients who were female, younger than 65 years old, without being malnourished (BMI ≥ 18.5 kg/m2 or albumin ≥35 g/L), and with a history of diabetes or CVD, respectively. CONCLUSIONS:A high LDL-C/HDL-C ratio is an independent risk factor for both cardiovascular and all-cause mortalities among PD patients.
| S-EPMC7085176 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Dyslipidemia treatment is of major importance in reducing the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), which is still the most common cause of death worldwide. During the last decade, a novel lipid-lowering drug category has emerged, i.e., proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors. Apart from the two available anti-PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies (alirocumab and evolocumab), other nucleic acid-based therapies that inhibit or "silence" the expression of PCSK9 are being developed. Among them, inclisiran is the first-in-class small interfering RNA (siRNA) against PCSK9 that has been approved by both the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Importantly, inclisiran therapy may improve low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) target achievement by offering a prolonged and significant LDL-C-lowering effect with the administration of only two doses per year. The present narrative review discusses the ORION/VICTORION clinical trial program that has been designed to investigate the impact of inclisiran on atherogenic lipoproteins and major adverse cardiac events in different patient populations. The results of the completed clinical trials are presented, focusing on the effects of inclisiran on LDL-C and lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) levels as well as on other lipid parameters such as apolipoprotein B and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C). Ongoing clinical trials with inclisiran are also discussed.
| S-EPMC10143414 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeThis study was conducted to investigate the distributions of the triglyceride (TG) to high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio and total cholesterol (TC) to HDL-C ratio, and to explore their usefulness as markers of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Korean adolescents.MethodsWe obtained data for 2,721 adolescents (1,436 boys and 1,285 girls) aged 10-18 years who participated in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys from 2008 to 2010. International Diabetes Federation criteria were used to define MetS.ResultsThere were no significant gender-related differences in TG/HDL-C or TC/HDL-C ratios. These lipid ratios showed significant associations with homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and waist circumference. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve to identify MetS were 0.947 for TG/HDL-C and 0.924 for TC/HDL-C, which were higher than that of HOMA-IR (0.822). Optimal cutoff values (sensitivity, specificity) of TG/HDL-C and TC/HDL-C ratios for MetS prediction were 3.3 (85.7%, 89.9%), and 3.8 (92.9%, 82.8%), respectively. Odds ratio (OR; 95% confidence intervals [CIs]) for MetS in adolescents with TC/HDL-C ratio above the cutoff value was 14.8 (2.8-77.4), while that for TG/HDL-C ratio about the cutoff value was 30.6 (6.0-157.6). In adolescents who had both lipid ratios above the cutoff values, the OR (95% CI) for MetS was 36.2 (7.2-186.2).ConclusionTG/HDL-C and TC/HDL-C ratios are useful markers of metabolic syndrome with high predictive value in Korean adolescents.
| S-EPMC6449623 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeThe ratio of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-c) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) (NHHR) is a novel comprehensive lipid index. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the NHHR and the prevalence of hyperuricaemia (HUA) in the adult population of the U.S.MethodsThis cross-sectional study collected data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2007-2018). HUA was defined as a serum uric acid (SUA) concentration ≥ 7 mg/dL in men and ≥ 6 mg/dL in women. Multivariate logistic regression models and the restricted cubic spline (RCS) method were applied to examine the relationship between the NHHR and the risk of developing HUA. Subgroup analyses and interaction tests were also performed.ResultsThe prevalence of HUA increased with increasing NHHR values (9.01% vs. 13.38% vs. 17.31% vs. 25.79%, P < 0.001). The NHHR was independently correlated with the risk of developing HUA (OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.05-1.16; P < 0.001). Furthermore, the risk of developing HUA was significantly greater among individuals with the highest NHHR quartile than among those with the lowest NHHR quartile (OR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.62-2.33; P < 0.001). This relationship was consistent across subgroups. According to the RCS analysis, an inverted U-shaped relationship existed between the NHHR and the risk of developing HUA.ConclusionsThe NHHR was closely associated with an increased risk of developing HUA. Further studies on the NHHR could be beneficial for preventing and treating HUA.
| S-EPMC11191326 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeDiabetes is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases in the world, and its prevalence is expected to rise further. To help understand the utility of the ratio of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (NHHR) in diabetes prevention, this large-scale longitudinal cohort study aims to explore the association of NHHR with diabetes risk and compare it as a risk predictor with conventional lipid parameters.Patients and methodsThis observational study extracted data from the NAGALA longitudinal cohort study conducted in Japan between 2004 and 2015. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between NHHR and the risk of diabetes. The dose-response relationship was analyzed by restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression and the potential risk threshold was estimated. The receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze and calculate the predictive value and optimal threshold of NHHR and other conventional lipids for new-onset diabetes.ResultsOf the 15,464 people aged 18-79, 373 (2.41%) were diagnosed with new-onset diabetes during the study period, with a median age of 46 years. The sensitivity analysis based on multivariate adjustment showed that the independent positive correlation between diabetes and NHHR was stable in different populations. RCS and ROC analysis indicated that the association between NHHR and diabetes was non-linear, and the NHHR was a better marker for predicting diabetes risk than other conventional lipid parameters; Additionally, it is worth noting that an NHHR of approximately 2.74 may be the optimal threshold for intervention in diabetes risk.ConclusionIn the general population, NHHR is a better marker for predicting diabetes risk than conventional lipid parameters, and an NHHR of about 2.74 may be the optimal threshold for assessing diabetes risk.
| S-EPMC9166911 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveIndividuals with psoriasis face significant physiological and psychological burdens, and their compliance and satisfaction with medication regimens are alarmingly low. In recent years, the comorbidity of psoriasis has become a research focus. This study aims to explore the potential correlation between psoriasis and the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR).MethodsData from 17,941 participants of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning two intervals, 2003-2006 and 2009-2014, served as the foundation for this analysis. We used weighted logistic regression, stratified analysis, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) curve fitting to validate potential associations between NHHR and psoriasis risk.ResultsIn this investigation, the analysis of three different models highlighted elevated levels of the NHHR as a consistent risk factor for psoriasis. After adjusting for potential confounders, a positive correlation was observed between NHHR and the prevalence of psoriasis (OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.15, p < 0.05). Subgroup analysis and interaction tests were conducted to determine if variables such as age, gender, race/ethnicity, education level, smoking status, alcohol consumption, diabetes, coronary heart disease, and stroke impact the association between NHHR and psoriasis. The findings indicated no significant modification of the NHHR-psoriasis link by these factors, as all interaction p-values were above 0.05. The RCS analysis uncovered a nonlinear relationship between psoriasis and the NHHR (p = 0.0176).ConclusionStatistical analysis confirms a significant correlation between the NHHR and the development of psoriasis, suggesting that NHHR may serve as a novel marker for predicting psoriasis risk. This correlation also provides insights for early health management strategies.
| S-EPMC11659000 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDL-C) ratio, estimated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and non-HDL-C are routinely available from the standard lipid profile. We aimed to assess the extent of patient-level discordance of TC/HDL-C with LDL-C and non-HDL-C, because discordance suggests the possibility of additional information.Methods and resultsWe compared population percentiles of TC/HDL-C, Friedewald-estimated LDL-C, and non-HDL-C in 1 310 432 US adults from the Very Large Database of Lipids. Lipid testing was performed by ultracentrifugation (Vertical Auto Profile, Atherotech, AL). One in 3 patients had ≥25 percentile units discordance between TC/HDL-C and LDL-C, whereas 1 in 4 had ≥25 percentile units discordance between TC/HDL-C and non-HDL-C. The proportion of patients with TC/HDL-C > LDL-C by ≥25 percentile units increased from 3% at triglycerides <100 mg/dL to 51% at triglycerides 200 to 399 mg/dL. On a smaller scale, TC/HDL-C > non-HDL-C discordance by ≥25 percentile units increased from 6% to 21%. In those with <15th percentile levels of LDL-C (<70 mg/dL) or non-HDL-C (<93 mg/dL), a respective 58% and 46% were above the percentile-equivalent TC/HDL-C of 2.6. Age, sex, and directly measured components of the standard lipid profile explained >86% of the variance in percentile discordance between TC/HDL-C versus LDL-C and non-HDL-C.ConclusionsIn this contemporary, cross-sectional, big data analysis of US adults who underwent advanced lipid testing, the extent of patient-level discordance suggests that TC/HDL-C may offer potential additional information to LDL-C and non-HDL-C. Future studies are required to determine the clinical implications of this observation.Clinical trial registrationURL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01698489.
| S-EPMC4550508 | biostudies-literature