Dataset Information

Secondhand smoke exposure and asthma outcomes among African-American and Latino children with asthma.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposures have been linked to asthma-related outcomes but quantitative dose-responses using biomarkers of exposure have not been widely reported.

Objectives

Assess dose-response relationships between plasma cotinine-determined SHS exposure and asthma outcomes in minority children, a vulnerable population exposed to higher levels of SHS and under-represented in the literature.

Methods

We performed analyses in 1172 Latino and African-American children with asthma from the mainland USA and Puerto Rico. We used logistic regression to assess relationships of cotinine levels ≥0.05 ng/mL with asthma exacerbations (defined as asthma-related hospitalisations, emergency room visits or oral steroid prescription) in the previous year and asthma control. The shape of dose-response relationships was assessed using a continuous exposure variable in generalised additive logistic models with penalised splines.

Results

The OR for experiencing asthma exacerbations in the previous year for cotinine levels ≥0.05 ng/mL, compared with <0.05 ng/mL, was 1.40 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.89), while the OR for poor asthma control was 1.53 (95% CI 1.12 to 2.13). Analyses for dose-response relationships indicated increasing odds of asthma outcomes related with increasing exposure, even at cotinine levels associated with light SHS exposures.

Conclusions

Exposure to SHS was associated with higher odds of asthma exacerbations and having poorly controlled asthma with an increasing dose-response even at low levels of exposure. Our results support the conclusion that there are no safe levels of SHS exposures.

SUBMITTER: Neophytou AM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6225993 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Secondhand smoke exposure and asthma outcomes among African-American and Latino children with asthma.

Neophytou Andreas M AM Oh Sam S SS White Marquitta J MJ Mak Angel C Y ACY Hu Donglei D Huntsman Scott S Eng Celeste C Serebrisky Denise D Borrell Luisa N LN Farber Harold J HJ Meade Kelley K Davis Adam A Avila Pedro C PC Thyne Shannon M SM Rodríguez-Cintrón William W Rodríguez-Santana José R JR Kumar Rajesh R Brigino-Buenaventura Emerita E Sen Saunak S Lenoir Michael A MA Williams L Keoki LK Benowitz Neal L NL Balmes John R JR Eisen Ellen A EA Burchard Esteban G EG

Thorax 20180613 11

<h4>Background</h4>Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposures have been linked to asthma-related outcomes but quantitative dose-responses using biomarkers of exposure have not been widely reported.<h4>Objectives</h4>Assess dose-response relationships between plasma cotinine-determined SHS exposure and asthma outcomes in minority children, a vulnerable population exposed to higher levels of SHS and under-represented in the literature.<h4>Methods</h4>We performed analyses in 1172 Latino and African-American ...[more]

PMID: 29899038

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Project description:ImportanceThe degree that in-home cannabis smoking can be detected in the urine of resident children is unclear.ObjectiveTest association of in-home cannabis smoking with urinary cannabinoids in children living at home.Design, setting, and participantsThis cross-sectional study used baseline data from Project Fresh Air, a 2012-2016 randomized clinical trial to reduce fine particulate matter levels. Eligible participants were recruited from households in San Diego County, California, with children under age 14 years and an adult tobacco smoker in residence. Children's urine samples were analyzed in 2022.ExposuresIn-home cannabis smoking, measured by: parent or guardian report of in-home cannabis smoking; number of daily nonspecific smoking events computed via an air particle count algorithm; and number of daily cannabis smoking events ascertained by residualization, adjusting for air nicotine, tobacco smoking, and other air particle generating or ventilating activities.Main outcomes and measuresLevels of the cannabis biomarker Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and its major metabolites, 11-hydroxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol and 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol. Biomarker molar equivalents were summed to represent total THC equivalents (TTE) in urine. Logistic regression assessed whether in-home smoking was associated with cannabis biomarker detection. For children with detectable urinary cannabinoids, linear regression assessed in-home smoking association with quantity of urinary TTE.ResultsA total of 275 children were included in analysis (mean [SD] age, 3.6 [3.6] years; 144 male [52.4%]; 38 Black [13.8%], 132 Hispanic [48.0%], and 52 White [18.9%]). Twenty-nine households (10.6%) reported in-home cannabis smoking in the past 7 days; 75 children [27.3%] had detectable urinary cannabinoids. Odds of detectable TTE in children's urine were significantly higher in households with reported in-home cannabis smoking than households without (odds ratio [OR], 5.0; 95% CI, 2.4-10.4) and with each additional ascertained daily cannabis smoking event (OR, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.6-3.9). Although the point estimate for TTE levels was higher among children with detectable urinary cannabinoids and exposure to more daily cannabis smoking events (increase per event, 35.68%; 95% CI, -7.12% to 98.21%), the difference was not statistically significant.Conclusions and relevanceIn this cross-sectional study, in-home cannabis smoking was associated with significantly increased odds of child exposure to cannabis smoke, as assessed by urinary cannabinoid biomarkers. As young children spend most of their time at home, reducing in-home cannabis smoking could substantially reduce their exposure to the toxic and carcinogenic chemicals found in cannabis smoke.

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Dataset Information

Secondhand smoke exposure and asthma outcomes among African-American and Latino children with asthma.

Background

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Secondhand smoke exposure and asthma outcomes among African-American and Latino children with asthma.

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