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Early-life antibiotics attenuate regulatory T cell generation and increase the severity of murine house dust mite-induced asthma.

ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION:Early-life exposure to antibiotics (ABX) has been linked to increases in asthma severity and prevalence in both children and laboratory animals. We explored the immunologic mechanisms behind this association using a mouse model of house dust mite (HDM)-induced asthma and early-life ABX exposure. METHODS:Mice were exposed to three short courses of ABX following weaning and experimental asthma was thereafter induced. Airway cell counts and differentials; serum immunoglobulin E (IgE); pulmonary function; lung histopathology; pulmonary regulatory T cells (Tregs); and the fecal microbiome were characterized following ABX exposure and induction of experimental asthma. RESULTS:Asthma severity was increased in mice exposed to ABX, including: airway eosinophilia, airway hyper-reactivity, serum HDM-specific IgE, and lung histopathology. ABX treatment led to sharp reduction in fecal microbiome diversity, including the loss of pro-regulatory organisms such as Lachnospira. Pulmonary Tregs were reduced with ABX treatment, and this reduction was directly proportional to diminished microbiome diversity. CONCLUSION:Intermittent exposure to ABX early in life worsened the severity of experimental asthma and reduced pulmonary Tregs; the latter change correlated with decreased microbiome diversity. These data may suggest targets for immunologic or probiotic therapy to counteract the harmful effects of childhood ABX.

SUBMITTER: Adami AJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6258300 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Early-life antibiotics attenuate regulatory T cell generation and increase the severity of murine house dust mite-induced asthma.

Adami Alexander J AJ Bracken Sonali J SJ Guernsey Linda A LA Rafti Ektor E Maas Kendra R KR Graf Joerg J Matson Adam P AP Thrall Roger S RS Schramm Craig M CM

Pediatric research 20180702 3

<h4>Introduction</h4>Early-life exposure to antibiotics (ABX) has been linked to increases in asthma severity and prevalence in both children and laboratory animals. We explored the immunologic mechanisms behind this association using a mouse model of house dust mite (HDM)-induced asthma and early-life ABX exposure.<h4>Methods</h4>Mice were exposed to three short courses of ABX following weaning and experimental asthma was thereafter induced. Airway cell counts and differentials; serum immunoglo ...[more]

PMID: 29967529

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Project description:This study aims to investigate the role and mechanism of DEK in asthmatic airway inflammation and in regulating PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1)-Parkin mediated mitophagy, NLRP3 (NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3) inflammasome activation, and apoptosis. We found that recombinant DEK protein (rmDEK) promoted eosinophils recruitment, mitochondrial fragmentation, and outer membrane 20 (TOM20) and LC3 co-localization representing mitophagosomes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in house dust mite (HDM) induced-asthma. rmDEK also reduced co-localization of mitochondrial fusion protein mitofusin1 (MFN1) and mitochondria, and the protein level of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), enhanced microtubule-associated protein1 light chain 3 (LC3) and voltage-dependent anion channels (VDAC) co-localization which also represent the mitophagosomes in airway epithelial cells, furthermore, increased dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) expression, PINK1-Parkin-mediated mitophagy, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and apoptosis. In the DEK knockout mice, HDM induced asthmatic airway inflammation, MnSOD, PINK1-Parkin protein level, Parkin mediated mitophagy characterized by LC3 and Parkin co-localization in the airways, ROS generation, NLRP3 inflammation and apoptosis were fully reversed. Similar effects of rmDEK were also observed in the BEAS-2B cells, which were rescued by the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA. Moreover, DEK silencing diminished the Parkin, LC3, DRP1 translocation to mitochondria; as well as mitochondrial ROS; TOM20 and mitochondrial DNA mediated mitochondrial oxidative damage. ChIP-sequence analysis showed that DEK was enriched on the AAA domain-containing protein 3A (ATAD3A) promoter and could positively regulate ATAD3A expression. Additionally, ATAD3A was highly expressed in HDM-induced asthma models. Furthermore, ATAD3A interacted with DRP1, and knockdown of ATAD3A could down-regulate DRP1 and mitochondrial oxidative damage. Conclusively, DEK deficiency alleviates airway inflammation in asthma by down-regulating PINK1-Parkin mitophagy, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and apoptosis. The mechanism may be through the DEK/ATAD3A/DRP1 signaling axis. Our findings may provide new potential therapeutic targets for asthma treatment.

Dataset Information

Early-life antibiotics attenuate regulatory T cell generation and increase the severity of murine house dust mite-induced asthma.

Publications

Early-life antibiotics attenuate regulatory T cell generation and increase the severity of murine house dust mite-induced asthma.

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