Oral hormone pregnancy tests and the risks of congenital malformations: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT: Background: Oral hormone pregnancy tests (HPTs), such as Primodos, containing ethinylestradiol and high doses of norethisterone, were given to over a million women from 1958 to 1978, when Primodos was withdrawn from the market because of concerns about possible teratogenicity. We aimed to study the association between maternal exposure to oral HPTs and congenital malformations. Methods: We have performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies that included data from pregnant women and were exposed to oral HPTs within the estimated first three months of pregnancy, if compared with a relevant control group. We used random-effects meta-analysis and assessed the quality of each study using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for non-randomized studies.

SUBMITTER: Heneghan C 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6281024 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature