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Differing Roles of Hyaluronan Molecular Weight on Cancer Cell Behavior and Chemotherapy Resistance.

ABSTRACT: Hyaluronan (HA), a glycosaminoglycan located in the extracellular matrix, is important in embryo development, inflammation, wound healing and cancer. There is an extensive body of research demonstrating the role of HA in all stages of cancer, from initiation to relapse and therapy resistance. HA interacts with multiple cell surface receptors, including CD44, receptor for hyaluronan mediated motility (RHAMM) and intracellular signaling pathways, including receptor tyrosine kinase pathways, to promote the survival and proliferation of cancer cells. Additionally, HA promotes the formation of cancer stem cell (CSC) populations, which are hypothesized to be responsible for the initiation of tumors and therapy resistance. Recent studies have identified that the molecular weight of HA plays differing roles on both normal and cancer cell behavior. This review explores the role of HA in cancer progression and therapy resistance and how its molecular weight is important in regulating CSC populations, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter expression and receptor tyrosine kinase pathways.

SUBMITTER: Price ZK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6316154 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Differing Roles of Hyaluronan Molecular Weight on Cancer Cell Behavior and Chemotherapy Resistance.

Price Zoe K ZK Lokman Noor A NA Ricciardelli Carmela C

Cancers 20181203 12

Hyaluronan (HA), a glycosaminoglycan located in the extracellular matrix, is important in embryo development, inflammation, wound healing and cancer. There is an extensive body of research demonstrating the role of HA in all stages of cancer, from initiation to relapse and therapy resistance. HA interacts with multiple cell surface receptors, including CD44, receptor for hyaluronan mediated motility (RHAMM) and intracellular signaling pathways, including receptor tyrosine kinase pathways, to pro ...[more]

PMID: 30513961

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Project description:We evaluated the mechanism by which high-molecular-weight hyaluronan (HMWH) attenuates nociceptor sensitization, in the setting of inflammation. HMWH attenuated mechanical hyperalgesia induced by the inflammatory mediator prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in male and female rats. Intrathecal administration of an oligodeoxynucleotide antisense (AS-ODN) to mRNA for cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44), the cognate hyaluronan receptor, and intradermal administration of A5G27, a CD44 receptor antagonist, both attenuated antihyperalgesia induced by HMWH. In male rats, HMWH also signals via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and AS-ODN for TLR4 mRNA administered intrathecally, attenuated HMWH-induced antihyperalgesia. Since HMWH signaling is dependent on CD44 clustering in lipid rafts, we pretreated animals with methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD), which disrupts lipid rafts. MβCD markedly attenuated HMWH-induced antihyperalgesia. Inhibitors for components of intracellular signaling pathways activated by CD44, including phospholipase C and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), also attenuated HMWH-induced antihyperalgesia. Furthermore, in vitro application of HMWH attenuated PGE2-induced sensitization of tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium current, in small-diameter dorsal root ganglion neurons, an effect that was attenuated by a PI3K inhibitor. Our results indicate a central role of CD44 signaling in HMWH-induced antihyperalgesia and suggest novel therapeutic targets, downstream of CD44, for the treatment of pain generated by nociceptor sensitization.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT High-molecular-weight-hyaluronan (HMWH) is used to treat osteoarthritis and other pain syndromes. In this study we demonstrate that attenuation of inflammatory hyperalgesia by HMWH is mediated by its action at cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) and activation of its downstream signaling pathways, including RhoGTPases (RhoA and Rac1), phospholipases (phospholipases Cε and Cγ1), and phosphoinositide 3-kinase, in nociceptors. These findings contribute to our understanding of the antihyperalgesic effect of HMWH and support the hypothesis that CD44 and its downstream signaling pathways represent novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of inflammatory pain.

Project description:We studied, in male Sprague Dawley rats, the role of the cognate hyaluronan receptor, CD44 signaling in the antihyperalgesia induced by high molecular weight hyaluronan (HMWH). Low molecular weight hyaluronan (LMWH) acts at both peptidergic and nonpeptidergic nociceptors to induce mechanical hyperalgesia that is prevented by intrathecal oligodeoxynucleotide antisense to CD44 mRNA, which also prevents hyperalgesia induced by a CD44 receptor agonist, A6. Ongoing LMWH and A6 hyperalgesia are reversed by HMWH. HMWH also reverses the hyperalgesia induced by diverse pronociceptive mediators, prostaglandin E2, epinephrine, TNFα, and interleukin-6, and the neuropathic pain induced by the cancer chemotherapy paclitaxel. Although CD44 antisense has no effect on the hyperalgesia induced by inflammatory mediators or paclitaxel, it eliminates the antihyperalgesic effect of HMWH. HMWH also reverses the hyperalgesia induced by activation of intracellular second messengers, PKA and PKCε, indicating that HMWH-induced antihyperalgesia, although dependent on CD44, is mediated by an intracellular signaling pathway rather than as a competitive receptor antagonist. Sensitization of cultured small-diameter DRG neurons by prostaglandin E2 is also prevented and reversed by HMWH. These results demonstrate the central role of CD44 signaling in HMWH-induced antihyperalgesia, and establish it as a therapeutic target against inflammatory and neuropathic pain.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT We demonstrate that hyaluronan (HA) with different molecular weights produces opposing nociceptive effects. While low molecular weight HA increases sensitivity to mechanical stimulation, high molecular weight HA reduces sensitization, attenuating inflammatory and neuropathic hyperalgesia. Both pronociceptive and antinociceptive effects of HA are mediated by activation of signaling pathways downstream CD44, the cognate HA receptor, in nociceptors. These results contribute to our understanding of the role of the extracellular matrix in pain, and indicate CD44 as a potential therapeutic target to alleviate inflammatory and neuropathic pain.

Dataset Information

Differing Roles of Hyaluronan Molecular Weight on Cancer Cell Behavior and Chemotherapy Resistance.

Publications

Differing Roles of Hyaluronan Molecular Weight on Cancer Cell Behavior and Chemotherapy Resistance.

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