Distinguishing protest responses in contingent valuation: A conceptualization of motivations and attitudes behind them.

ABSTRACT: The percentage of protesters in contingent valuation surveys is substantial-about 20% across many studies. This paper seeks to clarify the motivations behind protest responses. In addition, the question whether the estimation of willingness to pay (WTP) is more biased by the exclusion or inclusion of protest bids is yet undecided. Methodological improvements are difficult for three reasons: motivations behind protest responses are largely unclear, definitions of protest differ between studies and often only participants who state a zero WTP are asked for their reasons. Our survey on farm animal welfare (n = 1335) provides detailed motivations, two definitions and includes debriefing of all participants for their WTP. We find that protest bids are not a refusal to answer, they are neither i

SUBMITTER: Frey UJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6324805 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature