Prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in relation to serum cadmium concentrations: cross-sectional study using Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) data.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

It has been suggested that exposure to heavy metal cadmium (Cd) may contribute to a high risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study was to investigate the association of RA prevalence and serum concentrations of Cd and other heavy metals through large survey data analysis.

Design

A retrospective cross-sectional survey study.

Setting

Large population survey in Korea.

Participants

53 829 subjects participated in Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) from 2008 to 2013.

Interventions

Heavy metals were measured in different time periods of the survey programme which resulted in three different data sets for analysis: Cd, mercury (Hg) and lead (Pb) from 2008 to 2012 survey; serum manganese (Mn) and urine ars

SUBMITTER: Joo SH 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6326419 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature