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Comparison of medication adherence between type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who pay for their medications and those who receive it free: a rural Asian experience.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Treatment plans fail if patients have poor medication adherence. Our aim was to compare medication adherence, reasons for non-adherence, and satisfaction with community support among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who pay for their medications and those who receive it free. METHODS:A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka, among patients who were on oral anti-diabetic drugs for at least 3?months. They were grouped into two: universal-free group and fee-paying group. Three different scales were used to score medication adherence, reasons for non-adherence, and satisfaction with community support. Fisher's exact test was performed to determine if there was a significant difference between the two groups (p

SUBMITTER: Rathish D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6346564 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Comparison of medication adherence between type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who pay for their medications and those who receive it free: a rural Asian experience.

Rathish Devarajan D Hemachandra Ruvini R Premadasa Thilini T Ramanayake Sasini S Rasangika Chathuri C Roshiban Ravi R Jayasumana Channa C

Journal of health, population, and nutrition 20190124 1

<h4>Background</h4>Treatment plans fail if patients have poor medication adherence. Our aim was to compare medication adherence, reasons for non-adherence, and satisfaction with community support among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who pay for their medications and those who receive it free.<h4>Methods</h4>A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka, among patients who were on oral anti-diabetic drugs for at least 3 months. They were grouped into two: univers ...[more]

PMID: 30678724

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Project description:Non-adherence to antihypertensive medications is a major cause of uncontrolled hypertension, leading to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Ensuring consistent medication possession is crucial in addressing non-adherence. Community-based medication delivery is a strategy that may improve medication possession, adherence, and blood pressure (BP) reduction. Our program in Kenya piloted a community medication delivery program, coupled with blood pressure monitoring and adherence evaluation. Between September 2019 and March 2020, patients who received hypertension care from our chronic disease management program also received community-based delivery of antihypertensive medications. We calculated number of days during which each patient had possession of medications and analyzed the relationship between successful medication delivery and self-reported medication adherence and BP. A total of 128 patient records (80.5% female) were reviewed. At baseline, mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) was 155.7 mmHg and mean self-reported adherence score was 2.7. Sixty-eight (53.1%) patients received at least 1 successful medication delivery. Our pharmacy dispensing records demonstrated that medication possession was greater among patients receiving medication deliveries. Change in self-reported medication adherence from baseline worsened in patients who did not receive any medication delivery (+0.5), but improved in patients receiving 1 delivery (-0.3) and 2 or more deliveries (-0.8). There was an SBP reduction of 1.9, 6.1, and 15.5 mmHg among patients who did not receive any deliveries, those who received 1 delivery, and those who received 2 or more medication deliveries, respectively. Adjusted mixed-effect model estimates revealed that mean SBP reduction and self-reported medication adherence were improved among individuals who successfully received medication deliveries, compared to those who did not. A community medication delivery program in western Kenya was shown to be implementable and enhanced medication possession, reduced SBP, and significantly improved self-reported adherence. This is a promising strategy to improve health outcomes for patients with uncontrolled hypertension that warrants further investigation.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Achieving good medication adherence is a major challenge for patients with chronic conditions. Our study aimed to assess the Threshold for Unacceptable Risk of Non-adherence (TURN), defined as the threshold at which physicians consider the health risks incurred by patients due to medication non-adherence unacceptable, for the most commonly prescribed drugs in France. METHODS:We conducted an online study using a crowdsourcing approach among French general practitioners and specialists from September 2016 to August 2017. Physicians assessed the TURN for various levels of missed doses by evaluating a series of randomly presented clinical vignettes, each presenting a given medication with a given therapeutic indication. For each "drug-indication group" (i.e., all drugs from the same pharmacological class with a similar therapeutic indication): 1) we described the distribution of physicians' assessments, 2) we provided a summary estimate of the TURN, defined as the frequency of missed doses above which 75% of the physicians' assessments were located; 3) we computed the number of pill boxes reimbursed in France in 2016 to put our results into context. RESULTS:We collected a total of 5365 assessments from 544 physicians, each of whom evaluated a random sample among 528 distinct clinical vignettes. Estimates of the TURN varied widely across drug-indication groups, ranging from risk considered unacceptable with 1 daily dose missed per month (e.g., insulin for diabetes) to risk always considered acceptable (e.g., anti-dementia drugs). Drugs with an estimated TURN of over one missing daily dose per week represented 44.9% of the prescription volume of the medications assessed in our study. CONCLUSIONS:According to physicians, the impact of non-adherence may vary greatly. Patient-physician discussions on the variable consequences of non-adherence could lead to a paradigm shift by seeking to reach "optimal adherence" depending on drugs rather than unrealistic "perfect adherence" to all drugs.

Project description:ImportanceInaccurate medication records and poor medication adherence result in incomplete knowledge of therapy for patients.ObjectiveTo study accuracy of medical records and patient adherence by measuring blood concentrations of medications.Design, setting, and participantsThis cross-sectional study validated a serum-based liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay to simultaneously quantify 263 medications used for acute and chronic conditions. The assay panel was applied to 3 clinical patient cohorts: residual serum from 1000 randomly selected samples sent for routine clinical chemistry testing between April 8 and October 6, 2015 (residuals cohort), 50 prospectively enrolled patients in a gastroenterology clinic between March 1 and March 15, 2016, who were prescribed more than 5 medications (gastroenterology care cohort), and a convenience cohort of 296 patients with hypertension who sought care in an emergency department (ED care cohort) between July 1, 2012, and April 25, 2013. Integrated data analysis of the cohorts was performed from August 22 to November 29, 2017.Main outcomes and measuresMedication serum concentrations, electronic health record medication lists, and predicted drug interactions.ResultsOf the 1346 total samples, 1000 came from the residuals cohort (640 women and 360 men; median age, 60 years [interquartile range (IQR), 44-71 years]), 50 from the gastroenterology care cohort (30 women and 20 men; median age, 66 years [IQR, 62-70 years]), and 296 from the ED care cohort (160 women and 136 men; median age, 59 years [IQR, 52-66 years]). Median medication adherence, defined as the subset of detected medications from the prescription record, was 83% (IQR, 50%-100%) in the residuals cohort, 100% (IQR, 84%-100%) in the gastroenterology care cohort, and 78% (IQR, 57%-100%) in the ED care cohort. Patients adherent to 1 medication were more often adherent to other medications. Among patients prescribed 3 medications or more, there were no significant associations between medication adherence and sex or number of prescribed medications, and there was a modest association between adherence and age. By comparing detected vs prescribed medications, we detected a median of 0 (IQR, 0-2) medications per patient that were not listed in the electronic health record in the residuals cohort, 1 (IQR, 0-2) medication per patient that was not listed in the electronic health record in the gastroenterology care cohort, and 1 (IQR, 0-2) medication per patient that was not listed in the electronic health record in the ED care cohort. A total of 435 patients (43.5%) in the residuals cohort had no discrepancy between the electronic health record and detected medication lists, 22 patients (44.0%) in the gastroenterology care cohort had no discrepancy between the electronic health record and detected medication lists, and 41 patients (13.9%) in the ED care cohort had no discrepancy between the electronic health record and detected medication lists. Half of adverse drug reaction alerts occurred among medications detected without prescription.Conclusions and relevanceComprehensive medication monitoring offers promise to improve adherence, the accuracy of medical records, and the safety for patients with polypharmacy.

Dataset Information

Comparison of medication adherence between type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who pay for their medications and those who receive it free: a rural Asian experience.

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Comparison of medication adherence between type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who pay for their medications and those who receive it free: a rural Asian experience.

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