Proanthocyanidins Antagonize Arsenic-Induced Oxidative Damage and Promote Arsenic Methylation through Activation of the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

To investigate the effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) on oxidative damage and arsenic (As) methylation and to clarify the role of Nrf2 in the process.

Methods

L-02 cells were treated with arsenic (25 μM) and GSPE (10, 25, and 50 mg/L) for 24 h. Cell viability was analyzed by MTT assay. Cell apoptosis and ROS fluorescence were detected by flow cytometry. Oxidative stress marker levels were measured using commercial kits. mRNA and protein expression were detected by qRT-PCR and western blotting. The cellular concentrations of methylation products were measured by HPLC-HGAFS. Arsenic methylation ability of cells was determined.

Results

Cell survival rate was significantly lower in the As group than in the control group (P < 0.05),

SUBMITTER: Xu M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6360624 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature