A National Multicity Analysis of the Causal Effect of Local Pollution, [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] on Mortality.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Studies have long associated [Formula: see text] with daily mortality, but few applied causal-modeling methods, or at low exposures. Short-term exposure to [Formula: see text], a marker of local traffic, has also been associated with mortality but is less studied. We previously found a causal effect between local air pollution and mortality in Boston.

Objectives

We aimed to estimate the causal effects of local pollution, [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] on mortality in 135 U.S. cities.

Methods

We used three methods which, under different assumptions, provide causal marginal estimates of effect: a marginal structural model, an instrumental variable analysis, and a negative exposure control. The instrumental approach used planetary boundary layer,

SUBMITTER: Schwartz J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6375387 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature