Correction: Association of birth weight with corneal power in early adolescence: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2008.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: PLOS ONE Staff
PROVIDER: S-EPMC6394913 | biostudies-literature | 2019
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Correction: Association of birth weight with corneal power in early adolescence: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2008.
PloS one 20190228 2
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186723.]. ...[more]
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Project description:PurposeTo analyze the effect of birth weight on ocular morphology, refraction and visual function in early adolescents aged 12-15 years.Material and methodsWe conducted a secondary data analysis using the public use files from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of the period from 1999 to 2008. Study participants aged 12 to 15 years were included with data on birth weight and ophthalmic parameters including presenting distance visual acuity, objective refraction and keratometry. Visual acuity, sphere, astigmatism in power vectors J0 and J45, corneal power and corneal astigmatism were evaluated for an association with birth weight. Linear and logistic regression with adjustment for age, sex, ethnicity, survey cycle and birth weight as independent variable were calculated.ResultsLinear regression analysis revealed an association between corneal power and birth weight (per 100g: beta = -0.04, p<0.001) in the univariate analysis, and in the model adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity and NHANES survey cycle (per 100g: beta = -0.04, p<0.001). A lower birth weight was associated with higher corneal power. We found no evidence for an association of visual acuity, sphere, spherical equivalent, J0-vector and J45-vector of astigmatism, corneal J0- or corneal J45-vector with birth weight.ConclusionOur data demonstrate that low BW is linked to alterations in keratometric power even in early adolescents aged 12-15 years whereas visual acuity and refractive error showed no association.
| S-EPMC5658059 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundLong-term outcomes of supplemental calcium are inadequately understood. Recent research suggests that calcium from supplements may not be entirely free from unintended health consequences. Consequently, it is important to understand patterns and trends in use of calcium supplements.ObjectiveTo report trends in supplemental calcium intake between 1999 and 2014, using NHANES data, overall and stratified by sex, race/ethnicity and age.MethodsA total of 42,038 adult NHANES participants were included in this analysis. For each survey period, we calculated the prevalence of calcium supplement use exceeding the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) and Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UL), and mean daily supplemental calcium dose among calcium-containing supplement users. Sample weights were applied. Linear regression was used to examine trends.ResultsOverall, the prevalence of calcium supplement use at a dose ≥EAR increased between 1999 and 2000 and 2013-2014, from 2.5% (95% CI: 1.9-3.3%) to 4.6% (3.8-5.5%). Use ≥EAR peaked in 2003-2004 at 6.7% (5.3-8.5%) (p-quadratic trend<0.001). Mean supplemental calcium intake peaked in 2007-2008, thereafter decreasing (p-quadratic trend<0.001). The overall prevalence of intake ≥UL from supplemental calcium in 2013-2014 was 0.4% (0.2-0.8%). Use of supplemental calcium ≥UL peaked during 2007-2008 at 1.2% (0.7-2.0%). In all time periods, supplemental calcium intake tended to be greater among women, non-Hispanic whites and adults >60years.ConclusionsWe described the prevalence of U.S. adults consuming supplemental calcium ≥UL and ≥ EAR. While few were consuming supplemental calcium ≥UL, consumption ≥EAR was not uncommon, especially among women, non-Hispanic whites and older adults.
| S-EPMC5924724 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background: Urinary dialkylphosphate metabolites are considered to be a proxy of the cumulative exposure to organophosphorus pesticides. We analyzed the urinary levels of six dialkylphosphate (DAP) metabolites in US adults, to assess the factors associated with levels of urinary metabolites, and observe the time trends. Methods: We analyzed the combined urinary levels of Dimethylphosphate (DMP), Diethylphosphate (DEP), Dimethylthiophosphate (DMTP), Diethylthiophosphate (DETP), Dimethyldithiophosphate (DMDTP), and Diethyldithiophosphate (DEDTP) in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 and 2008. Results: Increased age and female gender were positively associated with combined levels of urinary DAP metabolites; BMI < 18.5 kg/m2, BMI > 25 kg/m2, current smoking, and later survey year were inversely associated with combined levels of DAP metabolites. Among those with at least one detectable DAP in their urine, the mean levels decreased starting in 2001, but stayed relatively stable through 2008. Although the maximum combined urinary DAP level was highest in 1999-2000, throughout all years, we observed extremely high levels of exposure for subgroups of individuals. Conclusion: Despite the fact that organophosphorus pesticides were banned for residential use in the US in 2006, there are still opportunities for exposure in the general population. The average urinary DAP levels have decreased over time; however, the decline appears to have plateaued in recent years, and there remains highly exposed individuals.
| S-EPMC6926828 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Nationally representative data evaluating recent trends and future projections of vascular risk factor treatment and control rates in secondary prevention of ischemic heart disease are sparse. We evaluated sex- and race-stratified cholesterol, blood pressure, and hemoglobin A1c levels and risk factor treatment and control rates in 1580 individuals who self-reported a history of myocardial infarction from The National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 1999 to 2012. We used weighted linear regression to estimate time trends and created forward linear projections to 2020. Participants were 30% to 41% women, 73% to 85% white, and had a mean age of 63 to 66 years. Cholesterol treatment rates increased and reached above 80% in men and women by 2011-2012, with significant increases in control rates (as then defined) in men to 85% in 2011-2012, with projections to reach 100% by 2020. Cholesterol treatment rates significantly increased in non-Hispanic whites and Hispanics. Statin use increased significantly to 73% of myocardial infarction survivors by 2011-2012, and aspirin use increased significantly but only to 28% by 2011-2012. There were no changes in blood pressure treatment or control rates by sex, and hypertension treatment increased only in non-Hispanic blacks. Projected hypertension control rates remained suboptimal. While temporal trends suggest improvements in cholesterol treatment, unchanged treatment and control of blood pressure and persistently low aspirin use represent missed opportunities. Urgent action is needed to improve secondary prevention rates projected by 2020 to reduce recurrent events in this high-risk group.
| S-EPMC4579957 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundHealthy dietary patterns have been negatively associated with methylation-based measures of biological age, yet previous investigations have been unable to establish the relationship between them and biological aging assessed through blood chemistry-based clinical biomarkers. We sought to assess the associations of 4 dietary metrics with 4 measures of biological age.MethodsAmong 16,666 participants in NHANES 1999-2018, 4 dietary metrics [Dietary inflammatory index (DII), Dietary approaches to stop hypertension index (DASH), Alternate mediterranean diet score (aMED), and Healthy eating index-2015 (HEI-2015)] were calculated through the 'dietaryindex' R package. Twelve blood chemistry parameters were utilized to compute 4 indicators of biological age [homeostatic dysregulation (HD), allostatic load (AL), Klemera-Doubal method (KDM), and phenotypic age (PA)]. Binomial logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression were employed to evaluate the associations.ResultsAll 4 dietary metrics were significantly associated with biological age acceleration or deceleration. In comparison to the lowest DII, the odds ratios (ORs) for accelerated HD, AL, KDM, and PA were 1.25 (1.08,1.45), 1.29 (1.11,1.50), 1.34 (1.08,1.65), and 1.61 (1.39,1.87) for the highest. The multivariable-adjusted ORs of the highest quartile of DASH, aMED, and HEI-2015 were 0.85 (0.73,0.97), 0.88 (0.74,1.04), and 0.84 (0.74,0.96) for HD, 0.64 (0.54,0.75), 0.61 (0.52,0.72), and 0.70 (0.59,0.82) for AL, 0.68 (0.54,0.85), 0.62 (0.50,0.76), and 0.71 (0.58,0.87) for KDM, and 0.50 (0.42,0.59), 0.64 (0.54,0.76), and 0.51 (0.44,0.58) for PA when compared with the lowest level. The findings were validated by the best-fitting dose-response curves for the associations. Among participants consuming dietary supplements (Pinteraction < 0.05), the positive effects of a healthy dietary pattern on biological aging were more pronounced. Systemic immune inflammation index (SII) and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) were identified as being involved in and mediating the associations.ConclusionsBiological aging assessed through blood chemistry-based clinical biomarkers is negatively associated with diet quality. The anti-aging benefits of improving the diet may be due to its ability to reduce inflammation and lower blood lipids.
| S-EPMC11439248 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PURPOSE:Myopia is increasing worldwide and possibly linked to education. In this study, we analyse the association of myopia and education in the U.S. and investigate its age-dependency. METHODS:We conducted a secondary data analysis using the public use files from the cross-sectional study National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of the period from 1999 to 2008. 19,756 participants aged 20 to 85 years were included with data on education and ophthalmic parameters (distance visual acuity, objective refraction and keratometry). Spherical equivalent, astigmatism, corneal power and corneal astigmatism were evaluated for an association with education using linear regression analysis with adjustment of potential confounders. RESULTS:Analysis revealed an association between spherical equivalent and educational level in the univariate analysis (P < .001), and in the adjusted model (P < .001). Subjects who attend school to less than 9th grade had a mean spherical equivalent of 0.34 D, subjects with 9-11th grade -0.14 D, subjects that finished high school -0.33 D, subjects with partial college education -0.70 D, subjects that graduated from college or a higher formal education -1.22 D. Subjects that graduated from college or above were -1.47 D more myopic compared to subjects that completed less than 9th grade school in the adjusted analyses. Astigmatism and corneal curvature was not associated with education. CONCLUSIONS:Myopia is associated with higher education in the U.S. Our analysis shows that corneal curvature does not contribute to this association, therefore axial elongation or lens power are likely to contribute to myopia.
| S-EPMC6350963 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:Cigarette smoking is common in persons living with hepatitis C (hepatitis C+), but national statistics on this harmful practice are lacking. A better understanding of smoking behaviors in hepatitis C+ individuals may help in the development of targeted treatment strategies. METHODS:We extracted data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 1999 and 2014. Hepatitis C+ were compared with hepatitis C- adults in the entire sample and in the subset of current smokers. Measures included demographics, current smoking, cigarettes/day, nicotine dependence, other tobacco use, substance use, and medical and psychiatric comorbidities. RESULTS:Complete smoking and hepatitis C virus (HCV) data were available for 39,472 (90.1%) of 43,793 adult participants in NHANES during the study years. Hepatitis C+ smoked at almost triple the rate of hepatitis C- adults (62.4% vs 22.9%), with no significant difference between hepatitis C+ men and women (64.5% vs 58.2%). Hepatitis C+ smokers were more likely to smoke daily than hepatitis C- smokers (87.5% vs 80.0%), but had similar levels of nicotine dependence. Hepatitis C+ smokers were more likely to be older (mean age: 47.1 vs 41.5 years), male (69.4% vs 54.4%), Black (21.2% vs 12.1%), less educated (any college: 31.8% vs 42.9%), poor (mean family monthly poverty index: 1.80 vs 2.47), uninsured (43.9% vs 30.4%), use drugs (cocaine: 11.1% vs 3.2%; heroin: 4.0% vs 0.6%), and be depressed (33.2% vs 13.5%). Multivariate analyses revealed significant associations of both hepatitis C infection and cigarette smoking with current depression and hypertension. CONCLUSIONS:There is a cigarette smoking epidemic embedded within the hepatitis C epidemic in the United States. The sociodemographic profile of hepatitis C+ smokers suggests that the implementation of effective tobacco treatment will be challenging. Thoughtful treatment strategies that are mindful of the unique characteristics of this group are needed.
| S-EPMC5963992 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundGlycated albumin is cleared by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for clinical use in diabetes care. To understand its performance in the general US population, we conducted measurements in >19 000 samples from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Of these samples, 5.7% had previously undergone at least 2 freeze-thaw cycles and were considered "non-pristine."MethodsWe measured glycated albumin and albumin using the Lucica GA-L (Asahi Kasei) assay in stored serum samples from NHANES 1999-2004. Serum albumin (Roche/Beckman) was previously measured. We examined the correlations of percent glycated albumin with hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c)and fasting glucose in the pristine and non-pristine samples. We also measured cystatin C (Siemens) and compared these to cystatin C (Dade Behring) previously obtained in a subsample.ResultsGlycated albumin (%) was significantly lower in pristine vs non-pristine samples (13.8% vs 23.4%, P < 0.0001). The results from the Asahi Kasei albumin assay (g/dL) were highly correlated with albumin originally measured in NHANES (Pearson's correlation coefficient, r = 0.76) but values were systematically higher (+0.25 g/dL, P < 0.0001). Cystatin C (Siemens) was similar to previous cystatin C measurements (r = 0.98) and did not differ by pristine status (P = 0.119). Glycated albumin (%) was highly correlated with HbA1c and fasting glucose in pristine samples (r = 0.78 and r = 0.71, respectively) but not in non-pristine samples (r = 0.11 and r = 0.12, respectively).ConclusionsThe performance of the glycated albumin assay in the pristine samples was excellent. Performance in non-pristine samples was highly problematic. Analyses of glycated albumin in NHANES 1999-2004 should be limited to pristine samples only. These results have major implications for the use of these public data.
| S-EPMC9247021 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe American Heart Association's 2020 Strategic Impact Goals define a new concept, cardiovascular (CV) health; however, current prevalence estimates of the status of CV health in US adults according to age, sex, and race/ethnicity have not been published.Methods and resultsWe included 14 515 adults (≥20 years of age) from the 2003 to 2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Participants were stratified by young (20-39 years), middle (40-64 years), and older (≥65 years) ages. CV health behaviors (diet, physical activity, body mass index, smoking) and CV health factors (blood pressure, total cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, smoking) were defined as poor, intermediate, or ideal. Fewer than 1% of adults exhibited ideal CV health for all 7 metrics. For CV health behaviors, nonsmoking was most prevalent (range, 60.2%-90.4%), whereas ideal Healthy Diet Score was least prevalent (range, 0.2%-2.6%) across groups. Prevalences of ideal body mass index (range, 36.5%-45.3%) and ideal physical activity levels (range, 50.2%-58.8%) were higher in young adults compared with middle or older ages. Ideal total cholesterol (range, 23.7%-36.2%), blood pressure (range, 11.9%-16.3%), and fasting blood glucose (range, 31.2%-42.9%) were lower in older adults compared with young and middle-aged adults. Prevalence of poor CV health factors was lowest in young age but higher at middle and older ages. Prevalence estimates by age and sex were consistent across race/ethnic groups.ConclusionsThese prevalence estimates of CV health represent a starting point from which effectiveness of efforts to promote CV health and prevent CV disease can be monitored and compared in US adult populations.
| S-EPMC4077723 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveWe assessed the ability of the Prime Diet Quality Score (PDQS) to predict mortality in the US population and compared its predictiveness with that of the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015).DesignPDQS and HEI-2015 scores were derived using two 24-h recalls and converted to quintiles. Mortality data were obtained from the 2015 Public-Use Linked Mortality File. Associations between diet quality and all-cause mortality were evaluated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, and predictive performance of the two metrics was compared using a Wald test of equality of coefficients with both scores in a single model. Finally, we evaluated associations between individual metric components and mortality.SettingA prospective analysis of the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data.ParticipantsFive-thousand five hundred and twenty-five participants from three survey cycles (2003-2008) in the NHANES aged 40 years and over.ResultsOver the 51 248 person-years of follow-up (mean: 9·2 years), 767 deaths were recorded. In multivariable models, hazard ratios between the highest and lowest quintiles of diet quality scores were 0·70 (95 % CI 0·51, 0·96, Ptrend = 0·03) for the PDQS and 0·77 (95 % CI 0·57, 1·03, Ptrend = 0·20) for the HEI-2015. The PDQS and HEI-2015 were similarly good predictors of total mortality (Pdifference = 0·88).ConclusionAmong US adults, better diet quality measured by the PDQS was associated with reduced risk of all-cause mortality. Given that the PDQS is simpler to calculate than the HEI-2015, it should be evaluated further for use as a diet quality metric globally.
| S-EPMC9884750 | biostudies-literature