Multi-metal 4D printing with a desktop electrochemical 3D printer.

ABSTRACT: 4D printing has the potential to create complex 3D geometries which are able to react to environmental stimuli opening new design possibilities. However, the vast majority of 4D printing approaches use polymer based materials, which limits the operational temperature. Here, we present a novel multi-metal electrochemical 3D printer which is able to fabricate bimetallic geometries and through the selective deposition of different metals, temperature responsive behaviour can thus be programmed into the printed structure. The concept is demonstrated through a meniscus confined electrochemical 3D printing approach with a multi-print head design with nickel and copper used as exemplar systems but this is transferable to other deposition solutions. Improvements in deposition speed (34% (Cu)-85% (

SUBMITTER: Chen X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6408427 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature