Toll-Like Receptor-Dependent Immunomodulatory Activity of Pycnogenol^®.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Pycnogenol^® (PYC), an extract of French maritime pine bark, is widely used as a dietary supplement. PYC has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory actions via inhibiting the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway. However, the role of the other receptors from the TLR family in the immunomodulatory activity of PYC has not been described so far.

Aim

The aim of this study was to investigate whether PYC might exert its immunomodulatory properties through cell membrane TLRs (TLR1/2, TLR5, and TLR2/6) other than TLR4. Moreover, the effect of gastrointestinal metabolism on the immunomodulatory effects of PYC was investigated.

Findings

We showed that intact non-metabolized PYC dose-dependently acts as an agonist of TLR1/2 and TLR2/6 and as a partial agonist

SUBMITTER: Verlaet A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6412808 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature