Role of Macrophages in Acute Lung Injury and Chronic Fibrosis Induced by Pulmonary Toxicants.

ABSTRACT: A diverse group of toxicants has been identified that cause injury to the lung including gases (eg, ozone, chlorine), particulates/aerosols (eg, diesel exhaust, fly ash, other combustion products, mustards, nanomaterials, silica, asbestos), chemotherapeutics (eg, bleomycin), and radiation. The pathologic response to these toxicants depends on the dose and duration of exposure and their physical/chemical properties. A common response to pulmonary toxicant exposure is an accumulation of proinflammatory/cytotoxic M1 macrophages at sites of tissue injury, followed by the appearance of anti-inflammatory/wound repair M2 macrophages. It is thought that the outcome of the pathogenic responses to toxicants depends on the balance in the activity of these macrophage subpopulations. Overactivation of

SUBMITTER: Laskin DL 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6432864 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature