Depression in sleep disturbance: A review on a bidirectional relationship, mechanisms and treatment.

ABSTRACT: Sleep disturbance is the most prominent symptom in depressive patients and was formerly regarded as a main secondary manifestation of depression. However, many longitudinal studies have identified insomnia as an independent risk factor for the development of emerging or recurrent depression among young, middle-aged and older adults. This bidirectional association between sleep disturbance and depression has created a new perspective that sleep problems are no longer an epiphenomenon of depression but a predictive prodromal symptom. In this review, we highlight the treatment of sleep disturbance before, during and after depression, which probably plays an important role in improving outcomes and preventing the recurrence of depression. In clinical practice, pharmacological therapies, includ

SUBMITTER: Fang H 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6433686 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature