Transient activation of the UPR^ER is an essential step in the acquisition of pluripotency during reprogramming.

ABSTRACT: Somatic cells can be reprogrammed into pluripotent stem cells using the Yamanaka transcription factors. Reprogramming requires both epigenetic landscape reshaping and global remodeling of cell identity, structure, basic metabolic processes, and organelle form and function. We hypothesize that variable regulation of the proteostasis network and its influence upon the protein-folding environment within cells and their organelles is responsible for the low efficiency and stochasticity of reprogramming. We find that the unfolded protein response of the endoplasmic reticulum (UPR^ER), the mitochondrial UPR, and the heat shock response, which ensure proteome quality during stress, are activated during reprogramming. The UPR^ER is particularly crucial, and its ectopic, transie

SUBMITTER: Simic MS 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6457941 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature