Dataset Information

Century-scale changes in phytoplankton phenology in the Gulf of Maine.

ABSTRACT: The phenology of major seasonal events is an important indicator of climate. We analyzed multiple datasets of in situ chlorophyll measurements from the Gulf of Maine dating back to the early 20th century in order to detect climate-scale changes in phenology. The seasonal cycle was consistently characterized by a two-bloom pattern, with spring and autumn blooms. The timing of both spring and autumn blooms has shifted later in the year at rates ranging from ?1 to 9 days per decade since 1960, depending on the phenology metric, and trends only emerged at time scales of >40 years. Bloom phenology had only weak correlations with major climate indices. There were stronger associations between bloom timing and physical and chemical variables. Autumn bloom initiation correlated strongly with surface temperature and salinity, and spring bloom with nutrients. A later spring bloom also correlated with an increased cohort of Calanus finmarchicus, suggesting broader ecosystem implications of phytoplankton phenology.

SUBMITTER: Record NR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6500720 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Century-scale changes in phytoplankton phenology in the Gulf of Maine.

Record Nicholas R NR Balch William M WM Stamieszkin Karen K

PeerJ 20190502

The phenology of major seasonal events is an important indicator of climate. We analyzed multiple datasets of in situ chlorophyll measurements from the Gulf of Maine dating back to the early 20th century in order to detect climate-scale changes in phenology. The seasonal cycle was consistently characterized by a two-bloom pattern, with spring and autumn blooms. The timing of both spring and autumn blooms has shifted later in the year at rates ranging from ∼1 to 9 days per decade since 1960, depe ...[more]

PMID: 31106049

Similar Datasets

Project description:The marine copepod Calanus finmarchicus is the most abundant zooplankton species in the northern regions of the Atlantic Ocean and the Barents Sea. Very little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying critical processes associated with this species’ complex life history (e.g., ontogenetic development, reproduction, molting, diapause) and physiology (e.g., digestion, neural processes, and membrane physiology). This study analyzed patterns of gene expression of C. finmarchicus samples collected from the Gulf of Maine (Northwest Atlantic Ocean) using a 1,000 expressed sequence tag (EST) microarray designed to assay genes of known physiological function and hypothesized ecological importance for C. finmarchicus. Replicate analyses compared adult females and final-stage juveniles (Copepodite-5) collected from surface (0-30m) and deep (130-170m) layers. Environmental data include detailed characterization of biological, chemical, and physical oceanographic parameters in the sampled water packets. All data were screened for artifacts, normalized and selected using a fold-change filter prior to analysis. Replicate comparisons were analyzed by Significance Analysis of Microarrays (SAM; Stanford University Labs) with a control for False Discovery Rate (FDR) and with Principle Component Analysis with evaluation of significance by one- or two-sample t-test in Acuity Microarray Informatics Software (Molecular Devices, Inc.). Gene Ontology Enrichment Analysis was carried out using GOEAST (http://omicslab.genetics.ac.cn/GOEAST/index.php) to assess functional relationships of selected genes and/or proteins. The results indicated: up-regulation of genes involved in cell division, protein synthesis and mating in deep females and juveniles; up-regulation of genes related to cellular homeostasis, circadian behavior and nervous system development in surface females; and up-regulation of genes related to muscle development and protein catabolism in deep juveniles versus deep females. KEGG pathway analysis using the Blast2GO suite (http://www.blast2go.org/) indicated: up-regulation of genes encoding enzymes related to the citrate cycle and anaerobic metabolism in deep females and juveniles; and up-regulation of genes encoding enzymes related to energy metabolism and osmoregulation in surface females.

Dataset Information

Century-scale changes in phytoplankton phenology in the Gulf of Maine.

Publications

Century-scale changes in phytoplankton phenology in the Gulf of Maine.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure