Vitamin D3 constrains estrogen's effects and influences mammary epithelial organization in 3D cultures.

ABSTRACT: Vitamin D3 (vitD3) and its active metabolite, calcitriol (1,25-(OH)₂D₃), affect multiple tissue types by interacting with the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Although vitD3 deficiency has been correlated with increased incidence of breast cancer and less favorable outcomes, randomized clinical trials have yet to provide conclusive evidence on the efficacy of vitD3 in preventing or treating breast cancer. Additionally, experimental studies are needed to assess the biological plausibility of these outcomes. The mammary gland of VDR KO mice shows a florid phenotype revealing alterations of developmental processes that are largely regulated by mammotropic hormones. However, most research conducted on vitD3's effects used 2D cell cultures and supra-physiological doses of vitD3,

SUBMITTER: Hasan N 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6520380 | biostudies-literature | 2019 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature