Facial flatness indices: application in orthodontics.

ABSTRACT: Facial flatness indices have been used in anthropology to discern differences among populations. They were evaluated on skulls from around the world.

Aims

(1) to evaluate the use of facial flatness indices in orthodontics and (2) to assess their variation among malocclusions, age and sex.

Materials and methods

A total of 322 cone beam computed tomography radiographs were digitized and three facial indices (frontal, simotic and zygomaxillary) along with three transverse distances (fmo1-fmo2, zma1-zma2 and n1-n2) were assessed and compared between different groups.

Results

The zygomaxillary index was increased in Class II (32.6 ± 0.42; p < 0.001) and decreased in Class III malocclusions (29.4 ± 0.66; p < 0.001) compared to Class I (31.18 ± 0.3; p < 0

SUBMITTER: Chalala C 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6526017 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature