Extracellular Spermine Triggers a Rapid Intracellular Phosphatidic Acid Response in Arabidopsis, Involving PLDδ Activation and Stimulating Ion Flux.

ABSTRACT: Polyamines, such as putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd), and spermine (Spm), are low-molecular-weight polycationic molecules found in all living organisms. Despite the fact that they have been implicated in various important developmental and adaptative processes, their mode of action is still largely unclear. Here, we report that Put, Spd, and Spm trigger a rapid increase in the signaling lipid, phosphatidic acid (PA) in Arabidopsis seedlings but also mature leaves. Using time-course and dose-response experiments, Spm was found to be the most effective; promoting PA responses at physiological (low μM) concentrations. In seedlings, the increase of PA occurred mainly in the root and partly involved the plasma membrane polyamine-uptake transporter (PUT), RMV1. Using a differential ³²

SUBMITTER: Zarza X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6537886 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature