Microbiota Metabolite Short-Chain Fatty Acids Facilitate Mucosal Adjuvant Activity of Cholera Toxin through GPR43.

ABSTRACT: The gut microbiota has been shown critical for mucosal adjuvant activity of cholera toxin (CT), a potent mucosal adjuvant. However, the mechanisms involved remain largely unknown. In this study, we report that depletion of gut bacteria significantly decreased mucosal and systemic Ab responses in mice orally immunized with OVA and CT. Feeding mice short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) promoted Ab responses elicited by CT, and, more importantly, rescued Ab responses in antibiotic-treated mice. In addition, mice deficient in GPR43, a receptor for SCFAs, showed impaired adjuvant activity of CT. Administering CT did not promote SCFA production in the intestines; thus, SCFAs facilitated but did not directly mediate the adjuvant activity of CT. SCFAs promoted B cell Ab production by promoting dendritic

SUBMITTER: Yang W 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6581581 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature