Influence of refrigeration or freezing on human milk macronutrients and energy content in early lactation: Results from a tertiary centre survey.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Neonates with severe conditions that cannot be breastfed should receive fresh or preserved expressed human milk in addition to parenteral nutrition.

Objective

To identify the time during lactation when the macronutrients provide maximum energy and evaluate the effect of refrigeration and freezing.

Methods

We analyzed the composition of fresh milk, refrigerated at +4°C and frozen at -20°C, expressed by mothers of 60 preterm and 30 term infants from a level III maternity, in colostrum, transitional, and mature milk.

Results

In fresh milk, the protein level constantly decreases during lactation, with a significant difference after 3 weeks of lactation. Preterm milk of day 21 and day 30 had significantly lower protein than term milk (1.27 versus 1.43 g/d

SUBMITTER: Paduraru L 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6587407 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature