Ideal vs. real: a systematic review on handling covariates in randomized controlled trials.

ABSTRACT:

Background

In theory, efficient design of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involves randomization algorithms that control baseline variable imbalance efficiently, and corresponding analysis involves pre-specified adjustment for baseline covariates. This review sought to explore techniques for handling potentially influential baseline variables in both the design and analysis phase of RCTs.

Methods

We searched PubMed for articles indexed "randomized controlled trial", published in the NEJM, JAMA, BMJ, or Lancet for two time periods: 2009 and 2014 (before and after updated CONSORT guidelines). Upon screening (343), 298 articles underwent full review and data abstraction.

Results

Typical articles reported on superiority (86%), multicenter (92%), two-armed (79%) trials

SUBMITTER: Ciolino JD 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6610785 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature