Dataset Information

Genomic DNA methylation distinguishes subtypes of human focal cortical dysplasia.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES:Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a major cause of drug-resistant focal epilepsy in children, and the clinicopathological classification remains a challenging issue in daily practice. With the recent progress in DNA methylation-based classification of human brain tumors we examined whether genomic DNA methylation and gene expression analysis can be used to also distinguish human FCD subtypes. METHODS:DNA methylomes and transcriptomes were generated from massive parallel sequencing in 15 surgical FCD specimens, matched with 5 epilepsy and 6 nonepilepsy controls. RESULTS:Differential hierarchical cluster analysis of DNA methylation distinguished major FCD subtypes (ie, Ia, IIa, and IIb) from patients with temporal lobe epilepsy patients and nonepileptic controls. Targeted panel sequencing identified a novel likely pathogenic variant in DEPDC5 in a patient with FCD type IIa. However, no enrichment of differential DNA methylation or gene expression was observed in mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway-related genes. SIGNIFICANCE:Our studies extend the evidence for disease-specific methylation signatures toward focal epilepsies in favor of an integrated clinicopathologic and molecular classification system of FCD subtypes incorporating genomic methylation.

SUBMITTER: Kobow K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6635741 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Genomic DNA methylation distinguishes subtypes of human focal cortical dysplasia.

Kobow Katja K Ziemann Mark M Kaipananickal Harikrishnan H Khurana Ishant I Mühlebner Angelika A Feucht Martha M Hainfellner Johannes A JA Czech Thomas T Aronica Eleonora E Pieper Tom T Holthausen Hans H Kudernatsch Manfred M Hamer Hajo H Kasper Burkhard S BS Rössler Karl K Conti Valerio V Guerrini Renzo R Coras Roland R Blümcke Ingmar I El-Osta Assam A El-Osta Assam A Kaspi Antony A

Epilepsia 20190510 6

<h4>Objectives</h4>Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a major cause of drug-resistant focal epilepsy in children, and the clinicopathological classification remains a challenging issue in daily practice. With the recent progress in DNA methylation-based classification of human brain tumors we examined whether genomic DNA methylation and gene expression analysis can be used to also distinguish human FCD subtypes.<h4>Methods</h4>DNA methylomes and transcriptomes were generated from massive parallel ...[more]

PMID: 31074842

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Project description:Focal Cortical Dysplasia (FCD) is a frequent cause of drug-resistant focal epilepsy in children and young adults. The international FCD classifications of 2011 and 2022 have identified several clinico-pathological subtypes, either occurring isolated, i.e., FCD ILAE Type 1 or 2, or in association with a principal cortical lesion, i.e., FCD Type 3. Here, we addressed the DNA methylation signature of a previously described new subtype of FCD 3D occurring in the occipital lobe of very young children and microscopically defined by neuronal cell loss in cortical layer 4. We studied the DNA methylation profile using 850K BeadChip arrays in a retrospective cohort of 104 patients with FCD 1A, 2A, 2B, 3D, TLE without FCD, and 16 postmortem specimens without neurological disorders as controls, operated in China or in Germany. DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks with microscopically confirmed lesions, and DNA methylation profiles were bioinformatically analyzed with a recently developed deep learning algorithm. Our results revealed a distinct position of FCD 3D in the DNA methylation map of common FCD subtypes, also different from non-FCD epilepsy surgery controls or non-epileptic postmortem controls. Within the FCD 3D cohort, the DNA methylation signature separated three histopathology subtypes, i.e., fibrotic scarring around porencephalic cysts, loss of layer 4, and Rasmussen encephalitis. Differential methylation in FCD 3D with loss of layer 4 specifically mapped to biological pathways related to neurodegeneration, biogenesis of ECM components, axon guidance, and regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. Our data suggest that DNA methylation signatures in cortical malformations are not only of diagnostic value but also phenotypically relevant, providing the molecular underpinnings of structural and histopathological features associated with epilepsy. Further studies will be necessary to confirm these results and clarify their functional relevance and epileptogenic potential in these difficult-to-treat children.

Dataset Information

Genomic DNA methylation distinguishes subtypes of human focal cortical dysplasia.

Publications

Genomic DNA methylation distinguishes subtypes of human focal cortical dysplasia.

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