Genomic epidemiology of syphilis reveals independent emergence of macrolide resistance across multiple circulating lineages.

ABSTRACT: Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum and may lead to severe complications. Recent years have seen striking increases in syphilis in many countries. Previous analyses have suggested one lineage of syphilis, SS14, may have expanded recently, indicating emergence of a single pandemic azithromycin-resistant cluster. Here we use direct sequencing of T. pallidum combined with phylogenomic analyses to show that both SS14- and Nichols-lineages are simultaneously circulating in clinically relevant populations in multiple countries. We correlate the appearance of genotypic macrolide resistance with multiple independently evolved SS14 sub-lineages and show that genotypically resistant and sensitive sub-lineages are spreading contemporaneously.

SUBMITTER: Beale MA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6646400 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature