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Natural selection drives leaf divergence in experimental populations of Senecio lautus under natural conditions.

ABSTRACT: Leaf morphology is highly variable both within and between plant species. This study employs a combination of common garden and reciprocal transplant experiments to determine whether differences in leaf shape between Senecio lautus ecotypes has evolved as an adaptive response to divergent ecological conditions.We created a synthetic population of hybrid genotypes to segregate morphological variation between three ecotypes and performed reciprocal transplants where this hybrid population was transplanted into the three adjacent native environments. We measured nine leaf morphology traits across the experimental and natural populations at these sites.We found significant divergence in multivariate leaf morphology toward the native character in each environment, suggesting environmental conditions at each site exert selective pressure that results in a phenotypic shift toward the local phenotype of the wild populations.These associations suggest that differences in leaf morphology between S. lautus ecotypes have arisen as a result of divergent selection on leaf shape or associated traits that confer an adaptive advantage in each environment, which has led to the formation of morphologically distinct ecotypes.

SUBMITTER: Richards TJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6662321 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Natural selection drives leaf divergence in experimental populations of <i>Senecio lautus</i> under natural conditions.

Richards Thomas J TJ Ortiz-Barrientos Daniel D McGuigan Katrina K

Ecology and evolution 20190611 12

Leaf morphology is highly variable both within and between plant species. This study employs a combination of common garden and reciprocal transplant experiments to determine whether differences in leaf shape between <i>Senecio lautus</i> ecotypes has evolved as an adaptive response to divergent ecological conditions.We created a synthetic population of hybrid genotypes to segregate morphological variation between three ecotypes and performed reciprocal transplants where this hybrid population w ...[more]

PMID: 31380026

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Project description:Extreme environmental conditions are a major challenge in livestock production. Changes in climate, particularly those that contribute to weather extremes like drought or excessive humidity, may result in reduced performance and reproduction and could compromise the animal’s immune function. Animal survival within extreme environmental conditions could be in response to natural selection and to artificial selection for production traits that over time together may leave selection signatures in the genome. The aim of this study was to identify selection signatures that may be involved in the adaptation of indigenous chickens from two different climatic regions (Sri Lanka = Tropical; Egypt = Arid) and in non-indigenous chickens that derived from human migration events to the generally tropical State of São Paulo, Brazil. To do so, analyses were conducted using fixation index (Fst) and hapFLK analyses. Chickens from Brazil (n = 156), Sri Lanka (n = 92), and Egypt (n = 96) were genotyped using the Affymetrix Axiom®600k Chicken Genotyping Array. Pairwise Fst analyses among countries did not detect major regions of divergence between chickens from Sri Lanka and Brazil, with ecotypes/breeds from Brazil appearing to be genetically related to Asian-Indian (Sri Lanka) ecotypes. However, several differences were detected in comparisons of Egyptian with either Sri Lankan or Brazilian populations, and common regions of difference on chromosomes 2, 3 and 8 were detected. The hapFLK analyses for the three separate countries suggested unique regions that are potentially under selection on chromosome 1 for all three countries, on chromosome 4 for Sri Lankan, and on chromosomes 3, 5, and 11 for the Egyptian populations. Some of identified regions under selection with hapFLK analyses contained genes such as TLR3, SOCS2, EOMES, and NFAT5 whose biological functions could provide insights in understanding adaptation mechanisms in response to arid and tropical environments.

Dataset Information

Natural selection drives leaf divergence in experimental populations of Senecio lautus under natural conditions.

Publications

Natural selection drives leaf divergence in experimental populations of <i>Senecio lautus</i> under natural conditions.

Similar Datasets

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