Dataset Information

Food Insecurity Is Associated with an Increased Prevalence of Comorbid Medical Conditions in Obese Adults: NHANES 2007-2014.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Numerous studies have examined if food insecurity (FI) leads to increased weight gain, but little is known about how FI affects obese participants.

Objective

Our objective was to determine if obese, food-insecure adults are more likely to have medical comorbidities than obese, food-secure adults.

Design

We conducted a cross-sectional study using the 2007-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Participants

All obese participants (≥ 20 years) in NHANES were eligible. Participants who were pregnant or missing FI data were excluded.

Main measures

The primary exposure was household FI, and the primary outcome was the total number of obesity-related comorbidities. Secondary outcomes evaluated the association between FI and individual comorbidities. Propensity score weighting was used to improve covariate balance. We used negative binomial regression to test the association between FI and the total number of comorbidities. We used logistic regression to test the association between FI and individual comorbidities.

Key results

Of the 9203 obese participants, 15.6% were food insecure. FI (β = 0.09, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.15; p = 0.01) and very low food security (β = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.28; p = 0.003) were associated with an increased number of comorbidities. In secondary analyses, FI was associated with increased odds of coronary artery disease (OR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.1, 2.0) and asthma (OR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.1, 1.6). Very low food security was associated with increased odds of coronary artery disease, diabetes, and asthma.

Conclusion

Obese adults living in food-insecure households were more likely to have an increased number of comorbid conditions than obese adults living in food-secure households. Clinicians should be aware of the association between FI and comorbid medical conditions when treating patients with obesity.

SUBMITTER: Palakshappa D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6667608 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Food Insecurity Is Associated with an Increased Prevalence of Comorbid Medical Conditions in Obese Adults: NHANES 2007-2014.

Palakshappa Deepak D Speiser Jaime L JL Rosenthal Gary E GE Vitolins Mara Z MZ

Journal of general internal medicine 20190603 8

<h4>Background</h4>Numerous studies have examined if food insecurity (FI) leads to increased weight gain, but little is known about how FI affects obese participants.<h4>Objective</h4>Our objective was to determine if obese, food-insecure adults are more likely to have medical comorbidities than obese, food-secure adults.<h4>Design</h4>We conducted a cross-sectional study using the 2007-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).<h4>Participants</h4>All obese participants (≥ ...[more]

PMID: 31161567

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundSocial determinants of health (SDH), including food insecurity, are associated with depression in the general population. This study estimated the prevalence of depression and food insecurity and evaluated the impact of food insecurity and other SDH on depression in adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsAdults (≥ 18 years) with RA were identified from the 2013-2014 and 2015-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Depression was defined as a score of ≥ 5 (mild depression: 5-9; moderate-to-severe depression: 10-27) using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Food insecurity was assessed with the 18-item US Household Food Security Survey Module. Adults with household-level marginal-to-very-low food security were classified as experiencing food insecurity. The prevalence of depression and food insecurity among participants with RA were estimated. Weighted logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between depression and participants' characteristics including SDH. Penalized regression was performed to select variables included in the final multivariable logistic regression.ResultsA total of 251 and 276 participants from the 2013-2014 and the 2015-2016 NHANES, respectively, had self-reported RA. The prevalence of depression among these participants was 37.1% in 2013-2014 and 44.1% in 2015-2016. The prevalence of food insecurity was 33.1% in 2013-2014 and 43.0% in 2015-2016. Food insecurity was associated with higher odds of having depression (OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.27, 3.72), and the association varied by depression severity. Compared with participants with full food security, the odds of having depression was particularly pronounced for those with very low food security (OR 2.96, 95% CI 1.48, 5.90) but was not significantly different for those with marginal or low food security. In the multivariable regression, being female, having fair/poor health condition, any physical disability, and ≥ 4 physical limitations were significantly associated with depression.ConclusionsIn adults with self-reported RA, the prevalence of depression and food insecurity remained high from 2013 to 2016. We found that depression was associated with SDH such as food insecurity, although the association was not statistically significant once adjusted for behavioral/lifestyle characteristics. These results warrant further investigation into the relationship between depression and SDH among patients with RA.

Dataset Information

Food Insecurity Is Associated with an Increased Prevalence of Comorbid Medical Conditions in Obese Adults: NHANES 2007-2014.

Background

Objective

Design

Participants

Main measures

Key results

Conclusion

Publications

Food Insecurity Is Associated with an Increased Prevalence of Comorbid Medical Conditions in Obese Adults: NHANES 2007-2014.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets