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Controllable Synthesis of Zn-Doped α-Fe2O3 Nanowires for H2S Sensing.

ABSTRACT: One-dimensional Zn-doped α-Fe2O3 nanowires have been controllably synthesized by using the pure pyrite as the source of Fe element through a two-step synthesis route, including the preparation of Fe source solution by a leaching process and the thermal conversion of the precursor solution into α-Fe2O3 nanowires by the hydrothermal and calcination process. The microstructure, morphology, and surface composition of the obtained products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It was found that the formation process of α-Fe2O3 is significantly influenced by the introduction of Zn2+. The gas sensing measurements indicated that the sensor based on 1% Zn-doped α-Fe2O3 nanowires showed excellent H2S sensing properties at the optimum operating temperature of 175 °C. Notably, the sensor showed a low H2S detection limit of 50 ppb with a sensor response of 1.5. Such high-performance sensing would be ascribed to the one-dimensional structure and high specific surface area of the prepared 1% Zn-doped α-Fe2O3 nanowires, which can not only provide a large number of surface active sites for the adsorption and reaction of the oxygen and H2S molecules, but also facilitate the diffusion of the gas molecules towards the entire sensing materials.

SUBMITTER: Wei K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6669516 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Controllable Synthesis of Zn-Doped α-Fe2O3 Nanowires for H2S Sensing.

Wei Kefeng K Zhao Sikai S Zhang Wei W Zhong Xiangxi X Li Tingting T Cui Baoyu B Gao Shuling S Wei Dezhou D Shen Yanbai Y

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) 20190710 7

One-dimensional Zn-doped α-Fe2O3 nanowires have been controllably synthesized by using the pure pyrite as the source of Fe element through a two-step synthesis route, including the preparation of Fe source solution by a leaching process and the thermal conversion of the precursor solution into α-Fe2O3 nanowires by the hydrothermal and calcination process. The microstructure, morphology, and surface composition of the obtained products were characterize ...[more]

PMID: 31295872

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Project description:Owing to its unique and variable lattice structure and stoichiometric ratio, tungsten oxide is suitable for material modification; for example, doping is expected to improve its catalytic properties. However, most of the doping experiments are conducted by hydrothermal or multi-step synthesis, which is not only time-consuming but also prone to solvent contamination, having little room for mass production. Here, without a catalyst, we report the formation of high-crystallinity manganese-doped and potassium-doped tungsten oxide nanowires through chemical vapor deposition (CVD) with interesting characterization, photocatalytic, and gas sensing properties. The structure and composition of the nanowires were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), respectively, while the morphology and chemical valence were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. Electrical measurements showed that the single nanowires doped with manganese and potassium had resistivities of 1.81 × 0-5 Ω·m and 1.93 × 10-5 Ω·m, respectively. The doping contributed to the phase transition from monoclinic to metastable hexagonal for the tungsten oxide nanowires, the structure of which is known for its hexagonal electron channels. The hexagonal structure provided efficient charge transfer and enhanced the catalytic efficiency of the tungsten oxide nanowires, resulting in a catalytic efficiency of 98.5% for the manganese-doped tungsten oxide nanowires and 97.73% for the potassium-doped tungsten oxide nanowires after four hours of degradation of methylene blue. Additionally, the gas sensing response for 20 ppm of ethanol showed a positive dependence of doping with the manganese-doped and potassium-doped responses being 14.4% and 29.7%, respectively, higher than the pure response at 250 °C. The manganese-doped and potassium-doped tungsten oxide nanowires are attractive candidates in gas sensing, photocatalytic, and energy storage applications, including water splitting, photochromism, and rechargeable batteries.

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Controllable Synthesis of Zn-Doped α-Fe2O3 Nanowires for H2S Sensing.

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Controllable Synthesis of Zn-Doped α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanowires for H<sub>2</sub>S Sensing.

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