Ocoxin Modulates Cancer Stem Cells and M2 Macrophage Polarization in Glioblastoma.

ABSTRACT: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and devastating primary brain tumor. The presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) has been linked to their therapy resistance. Molecular and cellular components of the tumor microenvironment also play a fundamental role in the aggressiveness of these tumors. In particular, high levels of hypoxia and reactive oxygen species participate in several aspects of GBM biology. Moreover, GBM contains a large number of macrophages, which normally behave as immunosuppressive tumor-supportive cells. In fact, the presence of both, hypoxia and M2-like macrophages, correlates with malignancy and poor prognosis in gliomas. Antioxidant agents, as nutritional supplements, might have antitumor activity. Ocoxin® oral solution (OOS), in particular, has anti-inflammatory and an

SUBMITTER: Hernandez-SanMiguel E 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6701394 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature